Chemotherapy for paranasal sinus carcinoma. A 10-year experience at Wayne State University.

The role of chemotherapy in the management of patients with cancer of the paranasal sinus has not been defined. An analysis of 24 evaluable patients treated with chemotherapy as part of their overall therapy was performed. There were 16 male patients and eight female patients. Sixteen patients were previously untreated and eight had recurrent disease after surgery and/or radiotherapy. Six of the previously untreated patients had metastatic disease on presentation (four central nervous system (CNS) and two lung), and four recurrent patients had CNS involvement. The majority of patients (78%) had squamous cell carcinoma. The chemotherapy regimens included cisplatin (CDDP), vincristine (VCR), and bleomycin (COB), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) infusion and CDDP, or 5-FU/CDDP and methotrexate (MTX). All patients had computed tomography (CT) measurable disease. Previously untreated patients underwent surgery and/or radiotherapy postchemotherapy. The overall response rate to chemotherapy for previously untreated patients was 82% (complete response [CR] 44%, partial response [PR] 38%) and for recurrent patients 88% (CR 38%, PR 50%). Predominant toxicities were nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, mucositis, and renal impairment. The median survival of the previously untreated patients, based on response to chemotherapy, was as follows: CR 21+ months (range, 10+ to 81 months), PR 13.5 months (range, 2 to 21 months), and no response (NR) 3 months (range, 1 to 7 months). The median survival of patients with recurrent disease was as follows: CR 16 months, PR 13.5 months, and NR 5 months. We conclude that patients with paranasal cancers are responsive to CDDP-containing combinations. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in previously untreated, locally advanced patients needs to be demonstrated by future randomized trials.