Jenny S W Lee1, Tung-Wai Auyeung2, Jason Leung3, Timothy Kwok4, Jean Woo4. 1. Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Shatin Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The S.H. Ho Centre for Gerontology and Geriatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. Electronic address: jennylee@cuhk.edu.hk. 2. The S.H. Ho Centre for Gerontology and Geriatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. 3. The Jockey Club Centre of Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. 4. Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The S.H. Ho Centre for Gerontology and Geriatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Frailty renders older individuals more prone to adverse health outcomes. Little has been reported about the transitions between the different frailty states. We attempted to examine the rate of these transitions and their associated factors. METHODS: We recruited 3018 Chinese community-living adults 65 years or older. Frailty status was classified according to the Fried criteria in 2 visits 2 years apart. Demographic data, medical conditions, hospitalizations, and cognition were recorded. Rates of transitions and associated factors were studied. RESULTS: At baseline, 850 (48.7%) men and 884 (52.6%) women were prefrail. Among these, 23.4% men and 26.6% women improved after 2 years; 11.1% of men and 6.6% of women worsened. More men than women (P < .001) deteriorated into frailty. Hospitalizations, older age, previous stroke, lower cognition, and osteoarthritis were risk factors for decline among prefrail participants. Having diabetes was associated with 50% lower chance of improvement in women. Among the robust, older age and previous cancer, hospitalizations, chronic lung diseases, and stroke were risk factors for worsening. Higher socioeconomic status was protective. Previous stroke reduced the chance of improvement by 78% in frail men. Only younger age was associated with improvement in frail women. CONCLUSION: Women were less likely to decline in frailty status than men. Hospitalizations, older age, previous stroke, lower cognitive function, diabetes, and osteoarthritis were associated with worsening or less improvement. Older age, previous cancer, hospitalizations, lung diseases, and stroke were risk factors for worsening in the robust and higher socioeconomic status was protective.
BACKGROUND: Frailty renders older individuals more prone to adverse health outcomes. Little has been reported about the transitions between the different frailty states. We attempted to examine the rate of these transitions and their associated factors. METHODS: We recruited 3018 Chinese community-living adults 65 years or older. Frailty status was classified according to the Fried criteria in 2 visits 2 years apart. Demographic data, medical conditions, hospitalizations, and cognition were recorded. Rates of transitions and associated factors were studied. RESULTS: At baseline, 850 (48.7%) men and 884 (52.6%) women were prefrail. Among these, 23.4% men and 26.6% women improved after 2 years; 11.1% of men and 6.6% of women worsened. More men than women (P < .001) deteriorated into frailty. Hospitalizations, older age, previous stroke, lower cognition, and osteoarthritis were risk factors for decline among prefrail participants. Having diabetes was associated with 50% lower chance of improvement in women. Among the robust, older age and previous cancer, hospitalizations, chronic lung diseases, and stroke were risk factors for worsening. Higher socioeconomic status was protective. Previous stroke reduced the chance of improvement by 78% in frail men. Only younger age was associated with improvement in frail women. CONCLUSION:Women were less likely to decline in frailty status than men. Hospitalizations, older age, previous stroke, lower cognitive function, diabetes, and osteoarthritis were associated with worsening or less improvement. Older age, previous cancer, hospitalizations, lung diseases, and stroke were risk factors for worsening in the robust and higher socioeconomic status was protective.
Authors: J Woo; X Yang; L Tin Lui; Q Li; K Fai Cheng; Y Fan; F Yau; A P W Lee; J S W Lee; E Fung Journal: J Nutr Health Aging Date: 2019 Impact factor: 4.075
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Authors: A Hajek; C Brettschneider; T Posselt; C Lange; S Mamone; B Wiese; S Weyerer; J Werle; A Fuchs; M Pentzek; J Stein; T Luck; H Bickel; E Mösch; K Heser; F Jessen; W Maier; M Scherer; S G Riedel-Heller; H-H König Journal: J Nutr Health Aging Date: 2016 Impact factor: 4.075