Sanne P M Verhoef1, Stefan G J A Camps2, Freek G Bouwman2, Edwin C M Mariman2, Klaas R Westerterp2. 1. Maastricht University, Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: s.verhoef@maastrichtuniversity.nl. 2. Maastricht University, Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Interindividual differences in response to weight loss and maintenance thereafter are ascribed to genetic predisposition and behavioral changes. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether body weight and short and long-term body weight loss were affected by candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and changes in eating behavior or by an interaction between these genetic and behavioral factors. METHODS: 150 healthy subjects (39 males, 111 females) aged 20-50 y with a BMI of 27-38 kg/m(2) followed a very low energy diet for 8-weeks, followed by a 3-month weight maintenance period. SNPs were selected from six candidate genes: ADRB2, FTO, MC4R, PPARG, PPARD, and PPARGC1A. Changes in eating behavior were determined with the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire. RESULTS: A high genetic predisposition score was associated with a high body weight at baseline and more short-term weight loss. From the six selected obesity-related SNPs, FTO was associated with increased body weight at baseline, and the effect allele of PPARGC1A was positively associated with short-term weight loss, when assessed for each SNP separately. Long-term weight loss was associated with a larger increase in dietary restraint and larger decrease in disinhibition. CONCLUSION: During long-term weight loss, genetic effects are dominated by changes in eating behavior.
BACKGROUND: Interindividual differences in response to weight loss and maintenance thereafter are ascribed to genetic predisposition and behavioral changes. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether body weight and short and long-term body weight loss were affected by candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and changes in eating behavior or by an interaction between these genetic and behavioral factors. METHODS: 150 healthy subjects (39 males, 111 females) aged 20-50 y with a BMI of 27-38 kg/m(2) followed a very low energy diet for 8-weeks, followed by a 3-month weight maintenance period. SNPs were selected from six candidate genes: ADRB2, FTO, MC4R, PPARG, PPARD, and PPARGC1A. Changes in eating behavior were determined with the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire. RESULTS: A high genetic predisposition score was associated with a high body weight at baseline and more short-term weight loss. From the six selected obesity-related SNPs, FTO was associated with increased body weight at baseline, and the effect allele of PPARGC1A was positively associated with short-term weight loss, when assessed for each SNP separately. Long-term weight loss was associated with a larger increase in dietary restraint and larger decrease in disinhibition. CONCLUSION: During long-term weight loss, genetic effects are dominated by changes in eating behavior.
Authors: Katherine M Livingstone; Carlos Celis-Morales; George D Papandonatos; Bahar Erar; Jose C Florez; Kathleen A Jablonski; Cristina Razquin; Amelia Marti; Yoriko Heianza; Tao Huang; Frank M Sacks; Mathilde Svendstrup; Xuemei Sui; Timothy S Church; Tiina Jääskeläinen; Jaana Lindström; Jaakko Tuomilehto; Matti Uusitupa; Tuomo Rankinen; Wim H M Saris; Torben Hansen; Oluf Pedersen; Arne Astrup; Thorkild I A Sørensen; Lu Qi; George A Bray; Miguel A Martinez-Gonzalez; J Alfredo Martinez; Paul W Franks; Jeanne M McCaffery; Jose Lara; John C Mathers Journal: BMJ Date: 2016-09-20
Authors: Christina Holzapfel; Sabine Sag; Johanna Graf-Schindler; Marcus Fischer; Theresa Drabsch; Thomas Illig; Harald Grallert; Lynne Stecher; Christina Strack; Ian D Caterson; Susan A Jebb; Hans Hauner; Andrea Baessler Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-03-02 Impact factor: 5.717