Sridevi Krishnan1, Mary B Gustafson, Caitlin Campbell, Nilesh W Gaikwad, Nancy L Keim. 1. From the 1Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; 2Physiology Support Laboratory, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Services, Davis, CA; 3Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA; and 4Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Services, Davis, CA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Aging induces a shift in circulating hormones in women, accompanied by weight gain during the late reproductive, menopausal transition, and postmenopausal years. Exercise has been shown to counter weight gain; however, it might increase circulating androgens. A 6-month aerobic and resistance training exercise regimen was implemented to examine interrelationships between circulating sex hormones, body composition, aerobic capacity, insulin sensitivity, and insulin resistance. METHODS:Twenty-eight women, aged 42 to 52 years, completed the 6-month intervention study. They were randomly assigned to either a control (CON; n = 10) group-and maintained their sedentary lifestyle-or an exercise intervention (EXE; n = 18) group. The exercise intervention consisted of combined aerobic and resistance workouts scheduled 6 days/week for 60 minutes/day. Body weight, composition, VO2 peak, plasma insulin, glucose, lipid profile, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were measured at baseline and on month 6. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using the insulin sensitivity index and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, whereas insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostatic model for insulin resistance. RESULTS: There was a trend toward increased DHEAS in both groups (P < 0.1), but not as a function of the intervention. Insulin sensitivity index increased in the EXE group compared with the CON group (P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression indicated that, at 6 months, DHEAS was a negative contributor to insulin sensitivity in the EXE group, but not in the CON group. CONCLUSIONS: In midlife women, an increase in circulating DHEAS, such as that previously reported during the menopausal transition, is associated with higher insulin resistance, but exercise can mitigate this risk by improving insulin sensitivity, thereby countering the effects of DHEAS.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: Aging induces a shift in circulating hormones in women, accompanied by weight gain during the late reproductive, menopausal transition, and postmenopausal years. Exercise has been shown to counter weight gain; however, it might increase circulating androgens. A 6-month aerobic and resistance training exercise regimen was implemented to examine interrelationships between circulating sex hormones, body composition, aerobic capacity, insulin sensitivity, and insulin resistance. METHODS: Twenty-eight women, aged 42 to 52 years, completed the 6-month intervention study. They were randomly assigned to either a control (CON; n = 10) group-and maintained their sedentary lifestyle-or an exercise intervention (EXE; n = 18) group. The exercise intervention consisted of combined aerobic and resistance workouts scheduled 6 days/week for 60 minutes/day. Body weight, composition, VO2 peak, plasma insulin, glucose, lipid profile, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were measured at baseline and on month 6. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using the insulin sensitivity index and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, whereas insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostatic model for insulin resistance. RESULTS: There was a trend toward increased DHEAS in both groups (P < 0.1), but not as a function of the intervention. Insulin sensitivity index increased in the EXE group compared with the CON group (P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression indicated that, at 6 months, DHEAS was a negative contributor to insulin sensitivity in the EXE group, but not in the CON group. CONCLUSIONS: In midlife women, an increase in circulating DHEAS, such as that previously reported during the menopausal transition, is associated with higher insulin resistance, but exercise can mitigate this risk by improving insulin sensitivity, thereby countering the effects of DHEAS.
Authors: Christopher T V Swain; Ann E Drummond; Leonessa Boing; Roger L Milne; Dallas R English; Kristy A Brown; Eline H van Roekel; Suzanne C Dixon-Suen; Michael J Lynch; Melissa M Moore; Tom R Gaunt; Richard M Martin; Sarah J Lewis; Brigid M Lynch Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2021-10-20 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Robert L Newton; William D Johnson; Sandra Larrivee; Chelsea Hendrick; Melissa Harris; Neil M Johannsen; Damon L Swift; Daniel S Hsia; Timothy S Church Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2020-02
Authors: Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman; Anthony C Hackney; Hassane Zouhal; Ayyappan Jayavel; Kamalanathan Parasuraman; Lawrence D Hayes; Claire Tourny; Fatma Rhibi; Ismail Laher Journal: Sports Med Date: 2021-12-22 Impact factor: 11.928