Meenakshi Singh1, Vinod H Gupta2, Deepak N Amarapurkar3, Jyotsna M Joshi4, Rajiv Baijal5, Praveenkumar H Ramegowda5, Anjali D Amarapurkar6, Pramod P Wangikar7. 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India. 2. Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India. 3. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Bombay Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai 400 020, India. 4. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai 400 008, India. 5. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jagjivanram Western Railway Hospital, Mumbai 400 008, India. 6. Department of Pathology, TN Medical College, Mumbai 400 008, India. 7. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India. Electronic address: wangikar@iitb.ac.in.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) treatment remains a challenge owing to the high incidence of drug induced hepatotoxicity (DIH). Apart from environmental factors, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), nuclear receptors (NRs) and transporter proteins (TPs) contribute to DIH. In the present study, we report known and novel SNPs in a total of seven genes of DMEs, NRs and TPs with high resolution melting (HRM) technique. METHODS: DNA samples of 185 TB patients of Western Indian population, of which 50 showed DIH, were analyzed. Grouping of the temperature-shifted difference plots obtained from the DNA melt curves enables identification of known and novel SNPs. Representative samples of each group were sequenced. RESULTS: We report 18 novel SNPs, of which 3 are in 5'-UTR, 14 in exonic and 1 in intronic region. Of the SNPs in exons, 7 non-synonymous, 3 synonymous and 4 deletion mutations were observed. Among the known SNPs, CYP2E1 wild-type, NAT2(∗)5 mutant and NAT2(∗)6 heterozygous genotypes were associated with DIH (p<0.05). Among the novel SNPs, group 2 of SLCO1B1 showed a significant association (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: While several SNPs showed borderline p values between 0.05 and 0.15, the confidence in association can be improved further by using larger data sets.
BACKGROUND:Tuberculosis (TB) treatment remains a challenge owing to the high incidence of drug induced hepatotoxicity (DIH). Apart from environmental factors, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), nuclear receptors (NRs) and transporter proteins (TPs) contribute to DIH. In the present study, we report known and novel SNPs in a total of seven genes of DMEs, NRs and TPs with high resolution melting (HRM) technique. METHODS: DNA samples of 185 TB patients of Western Indian population, of which 50 showed DIH, were analyzed. Grouping of the temperature-shifted difference plots obtained from the DNA melt curves enables identification of known and novel SNPs. Representative samples of each group were sequenced. RESULTS: We report 18 novel SNPs, of which 3 are in 5'-UTR, 14 in exonic and 1 in intronic region. Of the SNPs in exons, 7 non-synonymous, 3 synonymous and 4 deletion mutations were observed. Among the known SNPs, CYP2E1 wild-type, NAT2(∗)5 mutant and NAT2(∗)6 heterozygous genotypes were associated with DIH (p<0.05). Among the novel SNPs, group 2 of SLCO1B1 showed a significant association (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: While several SNPs showed borderline p values between 0.05 and 0.15, the confidence in association can be improved further by using larger data sets.