Isabelle Arnulf1, Bin Zhang2, Ginevra Uguccioni1, Mathilde Flamand1, Alix Noël de Fontréaux1, Smaranda Leu-Semenescu1, Agnès Brion1. 1. Sleep Disorder Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle épinière - Pierre and Marie Curie University; Inserm UMR_S 975; CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France. 2. Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Mental Health Centre, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Arousal disorders may have serious health consequences. OBJECTIVE: To develop a scale assessing the severity of arousal disorders (Paris Arousal Disorders Severity Scale, PADSS). SETTING: University hospital. DESIGN: Controlled study. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive patients (older than 15 y), with sleepwalking (SW) and/or sleep terrors (ST), subjects with previous SW/ST, normal controls and patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. INTERVENTION: The self-rated scale listed 17 parasomniac behaviors (PADSS-A), assessed their frequency from never to twice or more per night (PADSS-B) and evaluated the consequences (PADSS-C: disturbed sleep, injuries, fatigue, and psychological consequences). The clinimetric properties and face validity of the scale were tested. RESULTS: Half of the 73 patients with SW/ST (more men than women) had injured themselves or others, whereas 15% had concomitant sexsomnia and 23% had amnestic eating behaviors. The total PADSS score (range: 0-50) was 19.4 ± 6.3 (range: 8-36) in this group, 11.7 ± 5.9 in 26 subjects with previous SW/ST, 8.8 ± 3.2 in 26 patients with RBD, and 2.0 ± 3.5 in 53 normal controls (P < 0.05). The PADSS demonstrated high sensitivity (83.6%), specificity (87.8%), internal consistency, and test-retest reliability (0.79). The best cutoff for the total score was at 13/14. Exploratory factor analysis revealed two components: wandering and violence/handling. The complexity of behaviors emerging from N3 sleep (scored on videopolysomnography) positively correlated with scores for the PADSS-total, PADSS-A, PADSS-C, and the "violence/handling" factor. CONCLUSION: This scale had reasonable psychometric properties and could be used for screening and stratifying patients and for evaluating the effects of treatments.
BACKGROUND:Arousal disorders may have serious health consequences. OBJECTIVE: To develop a scale assessing the severity of arousal disorders (Paris Arousal Disorders Severity Scale, PADSS). SETTING: University hospital. DESIGN: Controlled study. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive patients (older than 15 y), with sleepwalking (SW) and/or sleep terrors (ST), subjects with previous SW/ST, normal controls and patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. INTERVENTION: The self-rated scale listed 17 parasomniac behaviors (PADSS-A), assessed their frequency from never to twice or more per night (PADSS-B) and evaluated the consequences (PADSS-C: disturbed sleep, injuries, fatigue, and psychological consequences). The clinimetric properties and face validity of the scale were tested. RESULTS: Half of the 73 patients with SW/ST (more men than women) had injured themselves or others, whereas 15% had concomitant sexsomnia and 23% had amnestic eating behaviors. The total PADSS score (range: 0-50) was 19.4 ± 6.3 (range: 8-36) in this group, 11.7 ± 5.9 in 26 subjects with previous SW/ST, 8.8 ± 3.2 in 26 patients with RBD, and 2.0 ± 3.5 in 53 normal controls (P < 0.05). The PADSS demonstrated high sensitivity (83.6%), specificity (87.8%), internal consistency, and test-retest reliability (0.79). The best cutoff for the total score was at 13/14. Exploratory factor analysis revealed two components: wandering and violence/handling. The complexity of behaviors emerging from N3 sleep (scored on videopolysomnography) positively correlated with scores for the PADSS-total, PADSS-A, PADSS-C, and the "violence/handling" factor. CONCLUSION: This scale had reasonable psychometric properties and could be used for screening and stratifying patients and for evaluating the effects of treatments.
Authors: A Kales; C R Soldatos; E O Bixler; R L Ladda; D S Charney; G Weber; P K Schweitzer Journal: Br J Psychiatry Date: 1980-08 Impact factor: 9.319
Authors: Petra van Mierlo; Lieke W A Hermans; Isabelle Arnulf; Angelique Pijpers; Sebastiaan Overeem; Merel M van Gilst Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2022-04-01 Impact factor: 4.062
Authors: Anna Castelnovo; Brady A Riedner; Richard F Smith; Giulio Tononi; Melanie Boly; Ruth M Benca Journal: Sleep Date: 2016-10-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Merel M van Gilst; Johannes P van Dijk; Roy Krijn; Bertram Hoondert; Pedro Fonseca; Ruud J G van Sloun; Bruno Arsenali; Nele Vandenbussche; Sigrid Pillen; Henning Maass; Leonie van den Heuvel; Reinder Haakma; Tim R Leufkens; Coen Lauwerijssen; Jan W M Bergmans; Dirk Pevernagie; Sebastiaan Overeem Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2019-11-25 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: David O'Regan; Alexander Nesbitt; Nazanin Biabani; Panagis Drakatos; Hugh Selsick; Guy D Leschziner; Joerg Steier; Adam Birdseye; Iain Duncan; Seán Higgins; Veena Kumari; Paul R Stokes; Allan H Young; Ivana Rosenzweig Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2021-07-01 Impact factor: 4.157