Lianne van Beek1, Mirjam A Lips2, Annemieke Visser3, Hanno Pijl2, Andreea Ioan-Facsinay4, René Toes4, Frits J Berends5, Ko Willems van Dijk6, Frits Koning3, Vanessa van Harmelen7. 1. Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. 2. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden The Netherlands. 3. Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Rheumatology. Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. 5. Department of Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands. 6. Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden The Netherlands. 7. Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: V.J.A.van_Harmelen@lumc.nl.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is strongly related to type-2 diabetes (T2DM), but there is a subset of obese individuals that remains relatively insulin sensitive and metabolically healthy. This study determined to what extent differences in metabolic health in obese women are associated with differences in adipose tissue and/or systemic inflammation. METHODS: The subject group consisted of age comparable lean (n=12) and obese women either with T2DM (n=28) or normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n=26). Number of crown like structures (CLS) and adipocyte size were measured in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of the obese women. Circulating cytokine and free fatty acid (FFA) levels, as well as number and activation status of peripheral leukocytes were determined. RESULTS: Obese T2DM subjects showed higher circulating levels of IL-6, FFA and glycerol as compared to obese NGT subjects. Obese T2DM subjects had higher absolute numbers of peripheral leukocytes which were mainly due to an increase of T helper cells. Activation status of circulating cytotoxic T (CD8+CD25+) and B (CD19+CD38+) cells was significantly increased in obese NGT subjects as compared to lean but was not different between the two obese groups. Subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese T2DM subjects contained more CLS than adipose tissue of obese NGT subjects. CONCLUSION: Obese T2DM subjects show higher FFA levels and adipose tissue macrophage infiltration in addition to higher levels of circulating IL-6 and numbers of CD4+ T cells than obese NGT subjects. Hence, obese T2DM subjects show a higher extent of inflammation at both the systemic and adipose tissue level.
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is strongly related to type-2 diabetes (T2DM), but there is a subset of obese individuals that remains relatively insulin sensitive and metabolically healthy. This study determined to what extent differences in metabolic health in obesewomen are associated with differences in adipose tissue and/or systemic inflammation. METHODS: The subject group consisted of age comparable lean (n=12) and obesewomen either with T2DM (n=28) or normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n=26). Number of crown like structures (CLS) and adipocyte size were measured in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of the obesewomen. Circulating cytokine and free fatty acid (FFA) levels, as well as number and activation status of peripheral leukocytes were determined. RESULTS:Obese T2DM subjects showed higher circulating levels of IL-6, FFA and glycerol as compared to obese NGT subjects. Obese T2DM subjects had higher absolute numbers of peripheral leukocytes which were mainly due to an increase of T helper cells. Activation status of circulating cytotoxic T (CD8+CD25+) and B (CD19+CD38+) cells was significantly increased in obese NGT subjects as compared to lean but was not different between the two obese groups. Subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese T2DM subjects contained more CLS than adipose tissue of obese NGT subjects. CONCLUSION:Obese T2DM subjects show higher FFA levels and adipose tissue macrophage infiltration in addition to higher levels of circulating IL-6 and numbers of CD4+ T cells than obese NGT subjects. Hence, obese T2DM subjects show a higher extent of inflammation at both the systemic and adipose tissue level.
Authors: X Liu; J Y Huh; H Gong; J P Chamberland; M T Brinkoetter; O-P R Hamnvik; C S Mantzoros Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2015-05-21 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: T L Alderete; F R Sattler; X Sheng; J Tucci; S D Mittelman; E G Grant; M I Goran Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2014-05-21 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Xiaowen Liu; Nikolaos Perakakis; Huizhi Gong; John P Chamberland; Mary T Brinkoetter; Ole-Petter R Hamnvik; Christos S Mantzoros Journal: Metabolism Date: 2016-09-22 Impact factor: 8.694
Authors: Juan R Acosta; Iyadh Douagi; Daniel P Andersson; Jesper Bäckdahl; Mikael Rydén; Peter Arner; Jurga Laurencikiene Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2015-11-25 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Natalia Moreno-Castellanos; Rocío Guzmán-Ruiz; David A Cano; Ainara Madrazo-Atutxa; Juan R Peinado; Jose L Pereira-Cunill; Pedro Pablo García-Luna; Salvador Morales-Conde; Maria Socas-Macias; Rafael Vázquez-Martínez; Alfonso Leal-Cerro; María M Malagón Journal: Obes Surg Date: 2016-08 Impact factor: 4.129