C Vázquez1, J I Botella-Carretero2, D Corella3, M Fiol4, M Lage5, E Lurbe6, C Richart7, J M Fernández-Real8, F Fuentes9, A Ordóñez10, A I de Cos11, J Salas-Salvadó12, B Burguera13, R Estruch14, E Ros15, O Pastor16, F F Casanueva5. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. Electronic address: cvazquezma@gmail.com. 2. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 3. Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 4. Department of Surgical Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 5. Division of Endocrinology, Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 6. Hospital General de Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 7. Department of Medicine, Hospital Universitario "Juan XXIII", Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 8. Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 9. Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, IMIBIC/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 10. Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Social de la Marina, Servicio Sanitario de Asistencia Remota de Ibermutuamur, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 11. Department of Obesity, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 12. Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 13. Division of Endocrinology, Hospital Son Dureta, Universitat Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 14. Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 15. Unit of Lipids, IDIBAPS Hipertensión, Lípidos y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universidad de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain. 16. Department of Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Reduction of cardiovascular risk with high consumption of fish in diet is still a matter of debate, and concerns about heavy metal contamination have limited consumption of oily fish. We aimed to evaluate the effect of regular ingestion of white fish on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS: Multicenter randomized crossover clinical trial including 273 individuals with metabolic syndrome. An 8-week only-one dietary intervention: 100 g/d of white fish (Namibia hake) with advice on a healthy diet, compared with no fish or seafood with advice on a healthy diet. Outcomes were lipid profile, individual components of the metabolic syndrome, serum insulin concentrations, homeostasis model of insulin resistance, serum C-reactive protein and serum fatty acid levels. We found a significant lowering effect of the intervention with white fish on waist circumference (P < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.014). A significant lowering effect was also shown after the dietary intervention with fish on serum LDL concentrations (P = 0.048), whereas no significant effects were found on serum HDL or triglyceride concentrations. A significant rise (P < 0.001) in serum EPA and DHA fatty acids was observed following white fish consumption. Overall adherence to the intervention was good and no adverse events were found. CONCLUSION: In individuals with metabolic syndrome, regular consumption of hake reduces LDL cholesterol concentrations, waist circumference and blood pressure components of the metabolic syndrome. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: White Fish for Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome Study, Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01758601.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Reduction of cardiovascular risk with high consumption of fish in diet is still a matter of debate, and concerns about heavy metal contamination have limited consumption of oily fish. We aimed to evaluate the effect of regular ingestion of white fish on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS: Multicenter randomized crossover clinical trial including 273 individuals with metabolic syndrome. An 8-week only-one dietary intervention: 100 g/d of white fish (Namibia hake) with advice on a healthy diet, compared with no fish or seafood with advice on a healthy diet. Outcomes were lipid profile, individual components of the metabolic syndrome, serum insulin concentrations, homeostasis model of insulin resistance, serum C-reactive protein and serum fatty acid levels. We found a significant lowering effect of the intervention with white fish on waist circumference (P < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.014). A significant lowering effect was also shown after the dietary intervention with fish on serum LDL concentrations (P = 0.048), whereas no significant effects were found on serum HDL or triglyceride concentrations. A significant rise (P < 0.001) in serum EPA and DHA fatty acids was observed following white fish consumption. Overall adherence to the intervention was good and no adverse events were found. CONCLUSION: In individuals with metabolic syndrome, regular consumption of hake reduces LDL cholesterol concentrations, waist circumference and blood pressure components of the metabolic syndrome. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: White Fish for Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome Study, Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01758601.
Authors: Emelia J Benjamin; Michael J Blaha; Stephanie E Chiuve; Mary Cushman; Sandeep R Das; Rajat Deo; Sarah D de Ferranti; James Floyd; Myriam Fornage; Cathleen Gillespie; Carmen R Isasi; Monik C Jiménez; Lori Chaffin Jordan; Suzanne E Judd; Daniel Lackland; Judith H Lichtman; Lynda Lisabeth; Simin Liu; Chris T Longenecker; Rachel H Mackey; Kunihiro Matsushita; Dariush Mozaffarian; Michael E Mussolino; Khurram Nasir; Robert W Neumar; Latha Palaniappan; Dilip K Pandey; Ravi R Thiagarajan; Mathew J Reeves; Matthew Ritchey; Carlos J Rodriguez; Gregory A Roth; Wayne D Rosamond; Comilla Sasson; Amytis Towfighi; Connie W Tsao; Melanie B Turner; Salim S Virani; Jenifer H Voeks; Joshua Z Willey; John T Wilkins; Jason Hy Wu; Heather M Alger; Sally S Wong; Paul Muntner Journal: Circulation Date: 2017-01-25 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Pablo Pérez-Martínez; Dimitri P Mikhailidis; Vasilios G Athyros; Mónica Bullo; Patrick Couture; María I Covas; Lawrence de Koning; Javier Delgado-Lista; Andrés Díaz-López; Christian A Drevon; Ramón Estruch; Katherine Esposito; Montserrat Fitó; Marta Garaulet; Dario Giugliano; Antonio García-Ríos; Niki Katsiki; Genovefa Kolovou; Benoît Lamarche; Maria Ida Maiorino; Guillermo Mena-Sánchez; Araceli Muñoz-Garach; Dragana Nikolic; José M Ordovás; Francisco Pérez-Jiménez; Manfredi Rizzo; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Helmut Schröder; Francisco J Tinahones; Rafael de la Torre; Ben van Ommen; Suzan Wopereis; Emilio Ros; José López-Miranda Journal: Nutr Rev Date: 2017-05-01 Impact factor: 7.110