Annaka Schulte1, Nirmala Pandeya2, Bich Tran3, Jonathan Fawcett3, Lin Fritschi4, Harvey A Risch3, Penelope M Webb3, David C Whiteman3, Rachel E Neale2. 1. Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: Annaka.Schulte@qimrberghofer.edu.au. 2. Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. 3. Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. 4. Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, few studies have thoroughly investigated the effects of independent smoking dimensions (duration, intensity, cumulative dose and time since quitting) on risk estimates. We analysed data from the Queensland Pancreatic Cancer Study (QPCS), an Australian population-based case-control study, with the aim of determining which smoking component is primarily important to pancreatic cancer risk. METHODS: Our study included 705 pancreatic cancer patients and 711 controls. Logistic regression and generalised additive logistic regression (for non-linear dose effects) were used to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Compared to never-smokers, current smokers had an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (OR=3.4; 95% CI 2.4-5.0) after adjustment for age, sex, education, alcohol intake and birth country. Of the various smoking dimensions, smoking duration and time since quitting had a greater effect on OR estimates (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1-1.4 and OR 0.8; 95% CI 0.7-0.8) than smoking intensity (OR 1.1; 95% CI 0.9-1.2), once ever-smoking was accounted for. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the association between cigarette smoking and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and provides evidence to suggest that smoking pattern, in addition to dose effect, may affect disease risk.
PURPOSE: Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, few studies have thoroughly investigated the effects of independent smoking dimensions (duration, intensity, cumulative dose and time since quitting) on risk estimates. We analysed data from the Queensland Pancreatic Cancer Study (QPCS), an Australian population-based case-control study, with the aim of determining which smoking component is primarily important to pancreatic cancer risk. METHODS: Our study included 705 pancreatic cancerpatients and 711 controls. Logistic regression and generalised additive logistic regression (for non-linear dose effects) were used to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Compared to never-smokers, current smokers had an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (OR=3.4; 95% CI 2.4-5.0) after adjustment for age, sex, education, alcohol intake and birth country. Of the various smoking dimensions, smoking duration and time since quitting had a greater effect on OR estimates (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1-1.4 and OR 0.8; 95% CI 0.7-0.8) than smoking intensity (OR 1.1; 95% CI 0.9-1.2), once ever-smoking was accounted for. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the association between cigarette smoking and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and provides evidence to suggest that smoking pattern, in addition to dose effect, may affect disease risk.
Authors: Noah S Rozich; Alessandra Landmann; Casey S Butler; Morgan M Bonds; Laura E Fischer; Russell G Postier; Katherine T Morris Journal: J Surg Res Date: 2018-08-31 Impact factor: 2.192
Authors: Vanessa L Gordon-Dseagu; Susan S Devesa; Michael Goggins; Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2018-04-01 Impact factor: 7.196