Joseph S Doyle1, Melanie Bissessor, Justin T Denholm, Norbert Ryan, Christopher K Fairley, David E Leslie. 1. *Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Melbourne Health, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; †Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; ‡Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; §Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Carlton, Victoria, Australia; and ‖Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There are limited data from high-income countries on the performance of interferon-gamma release assays in screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). We analyzed the routine application of the Quantiferon-TB Gold (QFT-G) assay to detect and predict latent and active TB among HIV-infected patients in Australia. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study included all HIV-infected patients attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Service between March 2003 and February 2011 who were screened for LTBI using QFT-G. Clinical data were analyzed in multivariable models to determine predictors for QFT-G positivity using logistic regression and active TB development using Cox proportional hazards. RESULTS: Nine hundred seventeen HIV-infected patients had ≥1 QFT-G performed, of whom 884 (96.4%) were negative, 29 (3.2%) positive, and 4 (0.4%) indeterminate. The mean age was 40.9 years and 88% were male, with median follow-up of 26.4 (interquartile range 15.4-30.7) months. Five hundred fifty (63%) were Australian born, whereas 198 (23%) were born in Asia or Africa. QFT-G was positive in 2.0% of Australian-born, 5.3% of overseas-born [odds ratio: 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 to 5.6, P = 0.017], and 12.7% of African-born patients (odds ratio 7.1, 95% CI: 2.9 to 17.3, P < 0.001). Two cases of culture-positive TB occurred after QFT-G screening in 3.4% of QFT-G-positive and 0.1% of QFT-G-negative patients (adjusted hazard ratio: 42.4, 95% CI: 2.2 to 827, P = 0.013), a rate of 111 (95% CI: 27.8 to 445) per 100,000 person-years. CONCLUSIONS: In this context, QFT-G has a high negative predictive (99.9%) value with few indeterminate results. A risk stratification approach to LTBI screening, where HIV-infected patients with epidemiological risk factors for TB infection undergo QFT-G testing, might be clinically appropriate and potentially cost effective in similar settings.
BACKGROUND: There are limited data from high-income countries on the performance of interferon-gamma release assays in screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). We analyzed the routine application of the Quantiferon-TB Gold (QFT-G) assay to detect and predict latent and active TB among HIV-infectedpatients in Australia. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study included all HIV-infectedpatients attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Service between March 2003 and February 2011 who were screened for LTBI using QFT-G. Clinical data were analyzed in multivariable models to determine predictors for QFT-G positivity using logistic regression and active TB development using Cox proportional hazards. RESULTS: Nine hundred seventeen HIV-infectedpatients had ≥1 QFT-G performed, of whom 884 (96.4%) were negative, 29 (3.2%) positive, and 4 (0.4%) indeterminate. The mean age was 40.9 years and 88% were male, with median follow-up of 26.4 (interquartile range 15.4-30.7) months. Five hundred fifty (63%) were Australian born, whereas 198 (23%) were born in Asia or Africa. QFT-G was positive in 2.0% of Australian-born, 5.3% of overseas-born [odds ratio: 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 to 5.6, P = 0.017], and 12.7% of African-born patients (odds ratio 7.1, 95% CI: 2.9 to 17.3, P < 0.001). Two cases of culture-positive TB occurred after QFT-G screening in 3.4% of QFT-G-positive and 0.1% of QFT-G-negative patients (adjusted hazard ratio: 42.4, 95% CI: 2.2 to 827, P = 0.013), a rate of 111 (95% CI: 27.8 to 445) per 100,000 person-years. CONCLUSIONS: In this context, QFT-G has a high negative predictive (99.9%) value with few indeterminate results. A risk stratification approach to LTBI screening, where HIV-infectedpatients with epidemiological risk factors for TB infection undergo QFT-G testing, might be clinically appropriate and potentially cost effective in similar settings.
Authors: Marc Lipman; Mahdad Noursadeghi; Ibrahim Abubakar; Rishi K Gupta; Claire J Calderwood; Alexei Yavlinsky; Maria Krutikov; Matteo Quartagno; Maximilian C Aichelburg; Neus Altet; Roland Diel; Claudia C Dobler; Jose Dominguez; Joseph S Doyle; Connie Erkens; Steffen Geis; Pranabashis Haldar; Anja M Hauri; Thomas Hermansen; James C Johnston; Christoph Lange; Berit Lange; Frank van Leth; Laura Muñoz; Christine Roder; Kamila Romanowski; David Roth; Martina Sester; Rosa Sloot; Giovanni Sotgiu; Gerrit Woltmann; Takashi Yoshiyama; Jean-Pierre Zellweger; Dominik Zenner; Robert W Aldridge; Andrew Copas; Molebogeng X Rangaka Journal: Nat Med Date: 2020-10-19 Impact factor: 53.440
Authors: H N Xin; X W Li; L Zhang; Z Li; H R Zhang; Y Yang; M F Li; B X Feng; H J Li; L Gao Journal: Epidemiol Infect Date: 2016-11-21 Impact factor: 4.434