An oral mixed fat load is followed by a modest anti-inflammatory adipocytokine response in overweight patients with metabolic syndrome.

We investigated the postprandial changes in plasma levels of adipocytokines in overweight patients with metabolic syndrome after an oral fat load. After an oral fat load and during a prolonged fast, blood was drawn at 0, 2, 3, 4 and 8 h for measurement of adiponectin, adipsin, cathepsin S, chemerin, hepatic growth factor, interferon-γ-inducible protein-10, leptin, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, nerve growth factor, retinol binding protein-4, resistin, serum amyloid A1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and thrombopoietin using a microbead-based Luminex assay. Area under the curves (AUC) were calculated and compared. Plasma adiponectin levels were higher after an oral fat load compared to fasting at t = 2 h (950 ± 513 vs. -1,881 ± 713 ng/ml) while the plasma levels for adipsin (-9 ± 5 vs. 16 ± 5 ng/ml), chemerin (-122 ± 35 vs. 13 ± 21 ng/ml), SAA-1 (-391 ± 213 vs. 522 ± 173 ng/ml) and TPO (-335 ± 144 vs. 622 ± 216 ng/ml) were lower after an oral fat load compared to fasting. The baseline corrected AUC for IP-10 was higher after fat load compared to fasting (median -116 pg h/ml; IQR -270 to 10 vs. -21 pg h/ml; IQR -136 to 418 (p = 0.047). In conclusion, in overweight male subjects with the metabolic syndrome, an oral fat load is accompanied with a modest anti-inflammatory response of adipose tissue-derived adipocytokines.