Moheet Merchant1, Maggie Wright2, William Kabat1, Ram Yogev3. 1. Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States. 2. College of Holy Cross, 1 College Street, Worcester, MA 01610, United States. 3. Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States. Electronic address: ryogev@luriechildrens.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rapid HIV test devices are widely used throughout the world and are important as diagnostic tools with relatively high sensitivity and specificity. Loss of HIV specific antibodies in late-stage AIDS patients has previously been reported in patients with advanced disease (i.e., AIDS). OBJECTIVE: To study rate of antibody loss that may lead to false negative HIV-antibodies results in children and adolescents who received long term antiretroviral (ARV) treatment with persistently undetectable viral loads. STUDY DESIGN: Five FDA approved rapid HIV test kits including Trinity Uni-Gold Recombigen HIV-1, OraQuick Advance HIV-1/2, Reveal G3 HIV-1, Clearview STAT-PAK HIV-1/2, and Clearview COMPLETE HIV-1/2 were used to test 98 stored samples from 27 patients. Samples were tested at baseline and at least twice in 6-14 years post initiation of ARV treatment and full viral load suppression. RESULTS: Of the 403 tests, 43 (10.7%) were found to be false-negative using rapid HIV kits. Loss of positivity was correlated with decrease of HIV antibody titer. CONCLUSIONS: There is a slow but persistent loss of HIV specific antibodies in highly suppressed HIV infected children and adolescents that may lead to false-negative results in rapid HIV antibody tests. The temporal loss of signal is dependent on the baseline level of antibodies and the type of HIV rapid test kit used.
BACKGROUND: Rapid HIV test devices are widely used throughout the world and are important as diagnostic tools with relatively high sensitivity and specificity. Loss of HIV specific antibodies in late-stage AIDSpatients has previously been reported in patients with advanced disease (i.e., AIDS). OBJECTIVE: To study rate of antibody loss that may lead to false negative HIV-antibodies results in children and adolescents who received long term antiretroviral (ARV) treatment with persistently undetectable viral loads. STUDY DESIGN: Five FDA approved rapid HIV test kits including Trinity Uni-Gold Recombigen HIV-1, OraQuick Advance HIV-1/2, Reveal G3 HIV-1, Clearview STAT-PAK HIV-1/2, and Clearview COMPLETE HIV-1/2 were used to test 98 stored samples from 27 patients. Samples were tested at baseline and at least twice in 6-14 years post initiation of ARV treatment and full viral load suppression. RESULTS: Of the 403 tests, 43 (10.7%) were found to be false-negative using rapid HIV kits. Loss of positivity was correlated with decrease of HIV antibody titer. CONCLUSIONS: There is a slow but persistent loss of HIV specific antibodies in highly suppressed HIV infectedchildren and adolescents that may lead to false-negative results in rapid HIV antibody tests. The temporal loss of signal is dependent on the baseline level of antibodies and the type of HIV rapid test kit used.
Authors: Jessica M Fogel; Estelle Piwowar-Manning; Kelsey Donohue; Vanessa Cummings; Mark A Marzinke; William Clarke; Autumn Breaud; Agnès Fiamma; Deborah Donnell; Michal Kulich; Jessie K K Mbwambo; Linda Richter; Glenda Gray; Michael Sweat; Thomas J Coates; Susan H Eshleman Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2015-08-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: Jessica M Fogel; Estelle Piwowar-Manning; Barbara Debevec; Tamara Walsky; Katherine Schlusser; Oliver Laeyendecker; Ethan A Wilson; Marybeth McCauley; Theresa Gamble; Gerald Tegha; Dean Soko; Johnstone Kumwenda; Mina C Hosseinipour; Ying Q Chen; Myron S Cohen; Susan H Eshleman Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: Marcel E Curlin; Roman Gvetadze; Wanna Leelawiwat; Michael Martin; Charles Rose; Richard W Niska; Tebogo M Segolodi; Kachit Choopanya; Jaray Tongtoyai; Timothy H Holtz; Taraz Samandari; Janet M McNicholl Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2017-06-15 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Peter Bock; Comfort Phiri; Estelle Piwowar-Manning; Barry Kosloff; Nomtha Mandla; Alicia Young; Anelet James; Ab Schaap; Michelle Scheepers; Deborah Donnell; Sam Griffith; Wafaa El-Sadr; Kwame Shanaube; Nulda Beyers; Richard Hayes; Sarah Fidler; Helen Ayles Journal: J Int AIDS Soc Date: 2017-08-29 Impact factor: 5.396
Authors: Judith Harbertson; Braden R Hale; Bonnie R Tran; Anne G Thomas; Michael P Grillo; Marni B Jacobs; Jennifer McAnany; Richard A Shaffer Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-07-07 Impact factor: 3.240