Shunsuke Fujimoto1, Takahisa Takase1, Nanako Kadono1, Kenji Maekubo1, Yohei Hirai2. 1. Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan. 2. Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan. Electronic address: y-hirai@kwansei.ac.jp.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The physical properties of the hair are predominantly determined by the assembly of keratin bundles. The keratin-associated proteins (Krtaps) are thought to be involved in keratin bundle assembly, however, the functional role of the individual member still remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to clarify the role of a unique class of Krtaps, Krtap11-1, in the development and physical properties of the hair. METHODS: The expression regulation of Krtap11-1 was analyzed and its binding partners in the hair cortex were determined. Also, the effects of the forcible expression of this protein on the hair follicle development were analyzed in culture. RESULTS: The expression pattern of Krtap11-1 was concentrically asymmetric in the faulty hair that develops in Foxn1nu mice. In cultured keratinocytes, the expression of Krtap11-1 transgene product was strictly regulated by the keratinization process and proteasome-dependent protein elimination. While the association with keratin as well as the cohesive self-assembly of Krtap11-1 appeared to be stabilized by disulfide cross-links, the biotinylated Krtap11-1 probe enabled the adherence to certain type I keratins in the hair cortex, including K31, 33 and 34, in the absence of disulfide formation. When embryonic upper lip rudiments were forcibly introduced with Krtap11-1, the hair follicles formed irregularly arranged globular hair keratin-clumps surrounded by multilayered epithelial cells in culture. CONCLUSION: Krtap11-1 may play an important role on keratin-bundle assembly in the hair cortex and this study provides insight into the physical properties of the hair shaft.
BACKGROUND: The physical properties of the hair are predominantly determined by the assembly of keratin bundles. The keratin-associated proteins (Krtaps) are thought to be involved in keratin bundle assembly, however, the functional role of the individual member still remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to clarify the role of a unique class of Krtaps, Krtap11-1, in the development and physical properties of the hair. METHODS: The expression regulation of Krtap11-1 was analyzed and its binding partners in the hair cortex were determined. Also, the effects of the forcible expression of this protein on the hair follicle development were analyzed in culture. RESULTS: The expression pattern of Krtap11-1 was concentrically asymmetric in the faulty hair that develops in Foxn1nu mice. In cultured keratinocytes, the expression of Krtap11-1 transgene product was strictly regulated by the keratinization process and proteasome-dependent protein elimination. While the association with keratin as well as the cohesive self-assembly of Krtap11-1 appeared to be stabilized by disulfide cross-links, the biotinylated Krtap11-1 probe enabled the adherence to certain type I keratins in the hair cortex, including K31, 33 and 34, in the absence of disulfide formation. When embryonic upper lip rudiments were forcibly introduced with Krtap11-1, the hair follicles formed irregularly arranged globular hair keratin-clumps surrounded by multilayered epithelial cells in culture. CONCLUSION:Krtap11-1 may play an important role on keratin-bundle assembly in the hair cortex and this study provides insight into the physical properties of the hair shaft.
Authors: Karin Jaeger; Supawadee Sukseree; Shaomin Zhong; Brett S Phinney; Veronika Mlitz; Maria Buchberger; Marie Sophie Narzt; Florian Gruber; Erwin Tschachler; Robert H Rice; Leopold Eckhart Journal: Apoptosis Date: 2019-02 Impact factor: 5.561
Authors: Nedenia Bonvino Stafuzza; Rafael Medeiros de Oliveira Silva; Elisa Peripolli; Luiz Antônio Framartino Bezerra; Raysildo Barbosa Lôbo; Cláudio de Ulhoa Magnabosco; Fernando A Di Croce; Jason B Osterstock; Danísio Prado Munari; Daniela A Lino Lourenco; Fernando Baldi Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-08-30 Impact factor: 3.240