BACKGROUND: An exaggerated morning surge in blood pressure (BP) closely relates to target organ damage and cardiovascular risk, but whether the causative mechanism involves greater reactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is unknown. We determined whether the response of the SNS to a cold pressor test predicted the BP morning surge. METHODS: Ambulatory BP recordings were obtained from 14 men and 19 women (age = 41±4 years), and the amplitude (day-night difference), rate of rise (RoR), rate by amplitude product (BPPower), and morning BP surge (MBPS; post-awake minus pre-awake) of morning mean arterial pressure (MAP) were determined. The reactivity of the SNS to CPT was assessed by recording of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). RESULTS: CPT induced a marked increase in MAP and all parameters of MSNA, including burst amplitude. Log-normalized BPPower positively correlated with the overall average CPT-induced increases in total MSNA (r = 0.38; P = 0.04) and burst amplitude (r = 0.43; P = 0.02) but was not related to the increase in MSNA frequency. Furthermore, a strong positive linear trend in the CPT-induced changes in burst amplitude across tertiles of BPPower and RoR was observed. BPPower and RoR were not related to CPT-induced hemodynamic changes. The MBPS did not correlate with any of the CPT-induced changes in vascular or MSNA variables. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the central nervous system mechanisms influencing the increase in MSNA burst amplitude during arousal may also be fundamental in determining the rate and power of BP rise during the morning period.
BACKGROUND: An exaggerated morning surge in blood pressure (BP) closely relates to target organ damage and cardiovascular risk, but whether the causative mechanism involves greater reactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is unknown. We determined whether the response of the SNS to a cold pressor test predicted the BP morning surge. METHODS: Ambulatory BP recordings were obtained from 14 men and 19 women (age = 41±4 years), and the amplitude (day-night difference), rate of rise (RoR), rate by amplitude product (BPPower), and morning BP surge (MBPS; post-awake minus pre-awake) of morning mean arterial pressure (MAP) were determined. The reactivity of the SNS to CPT was assessed by recording of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). RESULTS: CPT induced a marked increase in MAP and all parameters of MSNA, including burst amplitude. Log-normalized BPPower positively correlated with the overall average CPT-induced increases in total MSNA (r = 0.38; P = 0.04) and burst amplitude (r = 0.43; P = 0.02) but was not related to the increase in MSNA frequency. Furthermore, a strong positive linear trend in the CPT-induced changes in burst amplitude across tertiles of BPPower and RoR was observed. BPPower and RoR were not related to CPT-induced hemodynamic changes. The MBPS did not correlate with any of the CPT-induced changes in vascular or MSNA variables. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the central nervous system mechanisms influencing the increase in MSNA burst amplitude during arousal may also be fundamental in determining the rate and power of BP rise during the morning period.
Authors: Lei Gao; Peng Li; Chelsea Hu; Tommy To; Melissa Patxot; Brigid Falvey; Patricia M Wong; Frank A J L Scheer; Chen Lin; Men-Tzung Lo; Kun Hu Journal: Sleep Date: 2019-05-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Roy Bjørkholt Olsen; Stephen Bruehl; Christopher Sivert Nielsen; Leiv Arne Rosseland; Anne Elise Eggen; Audun Stubhaug Journal: J Behav Med Date: 2014-05-03
Authors: Dan Wu; Lin Xu; Derek Abbott; William Kongto Hau; Lijie Ren; Heye Zhang; Kelvin K L Wong Journal: Hypertens Res Date: 2017-02-09 Impact factor: 3.872
Authors: Gavin W Lambert; Geoffrey A Head; Won Sun Chen; Mark Hamer; Nicolaas T Malan; Stephen Quinn; Markus P Schlaich; Leone Malan Journal: J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) Date: 2019-11-25 Impact factor: 3.738