Lack of effects of calcium X calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation on Ca2+ release from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Canine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum is phosphorylated by an endogenous calcium X calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and phosphorylation occurs mainly on a 27 kDa proteolipid, called phospholamban. To determine whether this phosphorylation has any effect on Ca2+ release, sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles were phosphorylated by the calcium X calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, while non-phosphorylated vesicles were preincubated under identical conditions but in the absence of ATP to avoid phosphorylation. Both non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated vesicles were centrifuged to remove calmodulin, and subsequently used for Ca2+ release studies. Calcium loading was carried out either by the active calcium pump or by incubation with high (5 mM) calcium for longer periods. Phosphorylation of sarcoplasmic reticulum by calcium X calmodulin-dependent protein kinase had no appreciable effect on the initial rates of Ca2+ released from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles loaded under passive conditions and on the apparent 45Ca2+-40Ca2+ exchange from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles loaded under active conditions. Thus, it appears that calcium X calmodulin-dependent protein kinase mediated phosphorylation of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum is not involved in the regulation of Ca2+ release and 45Ca2+-40Ca2+ exchange.