OBJECTIVE: This 2-study longitudinal investigation examined the indirect effects of secondary traumatic stress (STS) on secondary traumatic growth via two mediators: perceived social support and secondary trauma self-efficacy. In particular, we tested if the 2 hypothetical mediators operate sequentially, that is, with secondary trauma self-efficacy facilitating social support (i.e., cultivation hypothesis) and/or social support enhancing self-efficacy (i.e., enabling hypothesis). METHOD: Participants in Study 1 (N = 293 at Time 1, N = 115 at Time 2) were behavioral healthcare providers working with U.S. military personnel suffering from trauma. Study 2 was conducted among Polish healthcare workers (N = 298 at Time 1, N = 189 at Time 2) providing services for civilian survivors of traumatic events. RESULTS: In both studies, multiple mediational analyses showed evidence for the cultivation hypothesis. The relationship between STS at Time 1 and secondary traumatic growth at Time 2 was mediated sequentially by secondary trauma self-efficacy at Time 1 and social support at Time 2. The enabling hypothesis was not supported. CONCLUSION: Education and development programs for healthcare workers may benefit from boosting self-efficacy with the intent to facilitate perceived social support.
OBJECTIVE: This 2-study longitudinal investigation examined the indirect effects of secondary traumatic stress (STS) on secondary traumatic growth via two mediators: perceived social support and secondary trauma self-efficacy. In particular, we tested if the 2 hypothetical mediators operate sequentially, that is, with secondary trauma self-efficacy facilitating social support (i.e., cultivation hypothesis) and/or social support enhancing self-efficacy (i.e., enabling hypothesis). METHOD:Participants in Study 1 (N = 293 at Time 1, N = 115 at Time 2) were behavioral healthcare providers working with U.S. military personnel suffering from trauma. Study 2 was conducted among Polish healthcare workers (N = 298 at Time 1, N = 189 at Time 2) providing services for civilian survivors of traumatic events. RESULTS: In both studies, multiple mediational analyses showed evidence for the cultivation hypothesis. The relationship between STS at Time 1 and secondary traumatic growth at Time 2 was mediated sequentially by secondary trauma self-efficacy at Time 1 and social support at Time 2. The enabling hypothesis was not supported. CONCLUSION: Education and development programs for healthcare workers may benefit from boosting self-efficacy with the intent to facilitate perceived social support.
Authors: Andrew J Smith; Kotaro Shoji; Brandon J Griffin; Lauren M Sippel; Emily R Dworkin; Hannah M Wright; Ellen Morrow; Amy Locke; Tiffany M Love; J Irene Harris; Krzysztof Kaniasty; Scott A Langenecker; Charles C Benight Journal: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Date: 2022-02-26 Impact factor: 4.328
Authors: Kotaro Shoji; Magdalena Lesnierowska; Ewelina Smoktunowicz; Judith Bock; Aleksandra Luszczynska; Charles C Benight; Roman Cieslak Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-08-25 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Anna Rogala; Kotaro Shoji; Aleksandra Luszczynska; Anna Kuna; Carolyn Yeager; Charles C Benight; Roman Cieslak Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2016-01-08
Authors: Roman Cieslak; Charles C Benight; Anna Rogala; Ewelina Smoktunowicz; Martyna Kowalska; Katarzyna Zukowska; Carolyn Yeager; Aleksandra Luszczynska Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2016-07-04