Ultrastructural changes during wood decay by Antrodiella sp. RK1.

Southern yellow pine (softwood) and maple (hardwood) wood decayed for 12 weeks by Antrodiella sp. RK1 had average weight losses of 20 and 19%, respectively, and approximately 34 to 35% lignin loss. The ratio of percentage lignin loss to glucose loss was 3.6 and 2.7 for softwood and hardwood, respectively. There was negligible loss of other wood sugars such as xylose, arabinose, galactose and mannose. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of erosion troughs and bore holes in decayed samples of both softwood and hardwood. Secondary walls were void of lignin, middle lamella and cell corners were extensively decayed. Ca(2+) crystals were abundantly present in the areas of decay. Transmission electron micrographs revealed the presence of hyphal sheath and growth of hyphae directly through the cell corners.