The pattern of cardiovascular malformation in the CHARGE association.

Congenital heart disease occurred in 64% of patients with the CHARGE (coloboma, heart disease, choanal atresia, retardation of postnatal growth and mental development, genitalia hypoplasia, and ear anomalies) association (55% of 67 previously described patients and 100% of 16 new patients). Of those with congenital heart disease, 42% had conotruncal anomalies (tetralogy of Fallot, double-outlet right ventricle, truncus arteriosus), and 36% had aortic arch anomalies (vascular ring, aberrant subclavian artery, interrupted aortic arch). This striking pattern of cardiovascular malformations is similar to that found in the DiGeorge sequence.