Désirée Harnic1, Maurizio Pompili2, Marco Innamorati3, Denise Erbuto4, Dorian A Lamis5, Pietro Bria1, Paolo Girardi4, Luigi Janiri1. 1. Bipolar Disorders Unit, Psychiatric Day Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Policlinico Gemelli, Rome. 2. Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma. Electronic address: maurizio.pompili@uniroma1.it. 3. Department of Neurosciences Division of Psychiatry, University of Parma, Italy. 4. Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma. 5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine attachment and affective temperament in patients who have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder and to investigate possible differences in both variables among Bipolar I Disorder (BD-I), Bipolar II Disorder (BD-II), and cyclothymic patients. METHODS: Ninety (45 male and 45 female) outpatients with bipolar or cyclothymic disorder between the ages of 18 and 65years were recruited consecutively between September 2010 and December 2011 at the Bipolar Disorder Unit of the Psychiatry Day Hospital affiliated with the University General Hospital "A. Gemelli" in Rome, Italy. Patients were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale, the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, and San Diego-auto-questionnaire version, and the Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR) questionnaire applied by trained interviewers. RESULTS: The 3 groups of patients differed only on the ECR Anxiety scores with BD-I patients having the highest anxiety levels, followed by the BD-II patients, and the patients with cyclothymic disorder reporting the lowest level of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: This finding suggests that bipolar disorder (type I, type II) and cyclothymic/dysthymic temperament are more strongly associated with insecure attachment style as compared to the general population.
OBJECTIVE: To examine attachment and affective temperament in patients who have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder and to investigate possible differences in both variables among Bipolar I Disorder (BD-I), Bipolar II Disorder (BD-II), and cyclothymic patients. METHODS: Ninety (45 male and 45 female) outpatients with bipolar or cyclothymic disorder between the ages of 18 and 65years were recruited consecutively between September 2010 and December 2011 at the Bipolar Disorder Unit of the Psychiatry Day Hospital affiliated with the University General Hospital "A. Gemelli" in Rome, Italy. Patients were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale, the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, and San Diego-auto-questionnaire version, and the Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR) questionnaire applied by trained interviewers. RESULTS: The 3 groups of patients differed only on the ECR Anxiety scores with BD-I patients having the highest anxiety levels, followed by the BD-II patients, and the patients with cyclothymic disorder reporting the lowest level of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: This finding suggests that bipolar disorder (type I, type II) and cyclothymic/dysthymic temperament are more strongly associated with insecure attachment style as compared to the general population.
Authors: Anna L Wrobel; Samantha E Russell; Anuradhi Jayasinghe; Mojtaba Lotfaliany; Alyna Turner; Olivia M Dean; Sue M Cotton; Claudia Diaz-Byrd; Anastasia K Yocum; Elizabeth R Duval; Tobin J Ehrlich; David F Marshall; Michael Berk; Melvin G McInnis Journal: Acta Psychiatr Scand Date: 2022-03-10 Impact factor: 7.734
Authors: Angelo Picardi; Mauro Pallagrosi; Laura Fonzi; Giovanni Martinotti; Emanuele Caroppo; Giulio Nicolò Meldolesi; Giancarlo Di Gennaro; Marco De Risi; Massimo Biondi Journal: Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health Date: 2019-12-31