Draft Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium ulcerans FRC58, Isolated from the Bronchitic Aspiration of a Patient in France.

Corynebacterium ulcerans is a bacterial species with high importance because it causes infections in animals and, rarely, in humans. Its virulence mechanisms remain unclear. The current study describes the draft genome of C. ulcerans FRC58, which was isolated from the bronchitic aspiration of a patient in France.

GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT

Corynebacterium ulcerans is a toxigenic, catalase-positive, nitrate-negative bacterial species that belongs to the CMNR (Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, and Rhodococcus) group. Analyses of 16S rRNA have revealed that within this group, C. ulcerans is most closely related to the species Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Corynebacterium diphtheriae (1). C. ulcerans can produce various clinical pictures in both humans and domesticated or wild animals. This bacterial species is an emerging pathogen that has been isolated from infectious conditions in various countries, including Brazil (2), Japan (3), Germany (4), England (5), and France (6). The frequently observed signs and symptoms of C. ulcerans infection are similar to those of classical diphtheria. This similarity occurs because C. ulcerans carries genes encoding phospholipase D (PLD) and diphtheria toxin (DT), which are regarded as the major virulence factors produced by C. pseudotuberculosis and C. diphtheriae, respectively (5, 7, 8). In certain lineages, such as C. ulcerans 809, which was isolated from a woman with a fatal lung infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the sequences of these virulence factors can vary greatly from the descriptions of the Corynebacterium genes provided in the literature (2). These differences can explain the lack of classical diphtheria symptoms in certain cases of C. ulcerans infection. Even in the absence of DT production, C. ulcerans can cause lower respiratory tract infections; moreover, similarly to the pathogenicity of nontoxigenic C. diphtheriae strains, the pathogenicity of C. ulcerans does not depend on the production of DT (4, 9, 10). This scenario demonstrates the need to obtain genomic data for the emergent pathogen C. ulcerans to describe the virulence mechanisms of this bacterial species. In fact, little knowledge is available regarding the C. ulcerans virulence factors associated with infectious conditions (11) and the pathogen-host interaction process. To date, only three genomes for this species have been entered into the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (7, 8). Two of these lineages were considered to be nontoxigenic because they lack the DT gene.

The FRC58 lineage of C. ulcerans examined in the present study was isolated from the secretions of an 86-year-old patient with bronchitis who was hospitalized at the Hospital Center of Troyes (France). The genome of this bacterial species was sequenced using the Ion Torrent PGM system, using a fragment library. The sequencing process generated 6,686,040 reads (~2 gigabases), which represents a coverage of 800×.

The reads were assembled de novo using the CLC Genomics Workbench. This assembly produced a total of 241 contigs with an N50 contig length of 113 kb; the longest contig is 419 kb, and the shortest contig is 201 bp. The contigs were annotated using Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology (12), and 2,503 coding sequences (CDSs), 10 rRNAs, and 61 tRNAs were identified. The G+C content of the examined genome is 53.23%. The complete C. ulcerans FRC58 genome was obtained, with a total of 2,609,412 bp.

Nucleotide sequence accession numbers.

The C. ulcerans FRC58 draft genome sequence has been deposited in GenBank under the accession no. AYTI00000000. The version described in this paper is version AYTI01000000.