Adolfo Benito1, Guillermo Lahera2, Sara Herrera3, Ramón Muncharaz3, Guillermo Benito4, Alberto Fernández-Liria3, José Manuel Montes5. 1. Psychiatry Department, Hospital Provincial de Toledo, Toledo, Spain. 2. Psychiatry Department, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain. 3. Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain. 4. Spanish Association of Neuropsychiatry, Spanish Association of NeuropsychiatrySpain, Spain. 5. Hospital del Sureste, ArgandaMadrid, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the recognition, identification, and discrimination of facial emotions in a sample of outpatients with bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS: Forty-four outpatients with diagnosis of BD and 48 matched control subjects were selected. Both groups were assessed with tests for recognition (Emotion Recognition-40 - ER40), identification (Facial Emotion Identification Test - FEIT), and discrimination (Facial Emotion Discrimination Test - FEDT) of facial emotions, as well as a theory of mind (ToM) verbal test (Hinting Task). Differences between groups were analyzed, controlling the influence of mild depressive and manic symptoms. RESULTS: Patients with BD scored significantly lower than controls on recognition (ER40), identification (FEIT), and discrimination (FEDT) of emotions. Regarding the verbal measure of ToM, a lower score was also observed in patients compared to controls. Patients with mild syndromal depressive symptoms obtained outcomes similar to patients in euthymia. A significant correlation between FEDT scores and global functioning (measured by the Functioning Assessment Short Test, FAST) was found. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that, even in euthymia, patients with BD experience deficits in recognition, identification, and discrimination of facial emotions, with potential functional implications.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the recognition, identification, and discrimination of facial emotions in a sample of outpatients with bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS: Forty-four outpatients with diagnosis of BD and 48 matched control subjects were selected. Both groups were assessed with tests for recognition (Emotion Recognition-40 - ER40), identification (Facial Emotion Identification Test - FEIT), and discrimination (Facial Emotion Discrimination Test - FEDT) of facial emotions, as well as a theory of mind (ToM) verbal test (Hinting Task). Differences between groups were analyzed, controlling the influence of mild depressive and manic symptoms. RESULTS:Patients with BD scored significantly lower than controls on recognition (ER40), identification (FEIT), and discrimination (FEDT) of emotions. Regarding the verbal measure of ToM, a lower score was also observed in patients compared to controls. Patients with mild syndromal depressive symptoms obtained outcomes similar to patients in euthymia. A significant correlation between FEDT scores and global functioning (measured by the Functioning Assessment Short Test, FAST) was found. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that, even in euthymia, patients with BD experience deficits in recognition, identification, and discrimination of facial emotions, with potential functional implications.
Authors: Ana R Gonçalves; Carina Fernandes; Rita Pasion; Fernando Ferreira-Santos; Fernando Barbosa; João Marques-Teixeira Journal: PeerJ Date: 2018-07-25 Impact factor: 2.984