Eui Dong Son1, Hyoung-June Kim1, Taehun Park1, Kyeho Shin1, Il-Hong Bae1, Kyung-Min Lim2, Eun-Gyung Cho3, Tae Ryong Lee4. 1. AmorePacific Corp/R&D Center, 314-1, Bora-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. 2. College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 3. AmorePacific Corp/R&D Center, 314-1, Bora-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: egcho@amorepacific.com. 4. AmorePacific Corp/R&D Center, 314-1, Bora-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: TRLee@amorepacific.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is found on the skin of approximately 90% of patients with atopic dermatitis and approximately 20% of apparently healthy subjects. S. aureus induces keratinocytes and immune cells to secrete immunoregulatory factors that cause epidermal barrier dysfunction in atopic skin. OBJECTIVE: This study examined factors that cause epidermal permeability barrier dysfunction in skin colonized by S. aureus. METHODS: We examined the effect of S. aureus on keratinocyte differentiation in the stratum corneum (SC) of in vivo skin, normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) and a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model. The fold change in expression of the terminal differentiation markers and the level of secreted cytokines were investigated. RESULTS: The SC displayed decreased expression of keratin 10 (KRT 10). NHKs treated with S. aureus extracts increased expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and significantly reduced expression of the terminal differentiation markers KRT 1, KRT 10, loricrin (LOR), and filaggrin (FLG); however, the expression of basal layer markers (KRT 5, KRT 14) remained unchanged. Treatment of NHKs with an anti-IL-6 antibody in combination with IL-6 or the S. aureus extracts inhibited the decrease in KRT 10 mRNA or protein expression. After the RHEs were exposed to the S. aureus extracts, KRT 1 and KRT 10 protein levels decreased. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that S. aureus inhibits the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes by stimulating IL-6 secretion.
BACKGROUND:Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is found on the skin of approximately 90% of patients with atopic dermatitis and approximately 20% of apparently healthy subjects. S. aureus induces keratinocytes and immune cells to secrete immunoregulatory factors that cause epidermal barrier dysfunction in atopic skin. OBJECTIVE: This study examined factors that cause epidermal permeability barrier dysfunction in skin colonized by S. aureus. METHODS: We examined the effect of S. aureus on keratinocyte differentiation in the stratum corneum (SC) of in vivo skin, normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) and a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model. The fold change in expression of the terminal differentiation markers and the level of secreted cytokines were investigated. RESULTS: The SC displayed decreased expression of keratin 10 (KRT 10). NHKs treated with S. aureus extracts increased expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and significantly reduced expression of the terminal differentiation markers KRT 1, KRT 10, loricrin (LOR), and filaggrin (FLG); however, the expression of basal layer markers (KRT 5, KRT 14) remained unchanged. Treatment of NHKs with an anti-IL-6 antibody in combination with IL-6 or the S. aureus extracts inhibited the decrease in KRT 10 mRNA or protein expression. After the RHEs were exposed to the S. aureus extracts, KRT 1 and KRT 10 protein levels decreased. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that S. aureus inhibits the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes by stimulating IL-6 secretion.
Authors: Carine Mainzer; Thomas Packard; Sylvie Bordes; Brigitte Closs; Warner C Greene; Peter M Elias; Yoshikazu Uchida Journal: Exp Dermatol Date: 2019-02 Impact factor: 3.960
Authors: P Chieosilapatham; C Kiatsurayanon; Y Umehara; J V Trujillo-Paez; G Peng; H Yue; L T H Nguyen; F Niyonsaba Journal: Clin Exp Immunol Date: 2021-02-15 Impact factor: 5.732