Daniel R Morales1, Brian J Lipworth2, Bruce Guthrie3, Cathy Jackson4, Peter T Donnan5, Virginia H Santiago3. 1. Quality, Safety & Informatics Group, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom. Electronic address: d.r.z.morales@dundee.ac.uk. 2. Asthma & Allergy Research Group, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom. 3. Quality, Safety & Informatics Group, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom. 4. School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom. 5. Dundee Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Population Health Sciences, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause bronchospasm in susceptible patients with asthma, often termed aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), with the risk being greatest after acute exposure. Selective NSAIDs that preferentially inhibit COX-2 might be safer. OBJECTIVE: We sought to systematically evaluate changes in symptoms and pulmonary function after acute selective NSAID or COX-2 inhibitor exposure in patients with the AERD phenotype. METHODS: A systematic review of databases was performed to identify all blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials evaluating acute selective NSAID or COX-2 inhibitor exposure in patients with AERD. Effect estimates for changes in respiratory function and symptoms were pooled by using fixed-effects meta-analysis, with heterogeneity investigated. RESULTS: No significant difference in respiratory symptoms (risk difference, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.03 to 0.01; P = .57), decrease in FEV1 of 20% or greater (RD, 0.00; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.02; P = .77), or nasal symptoms (RD, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.04 to 0.02; P = .42) occurred with COX-2 inhibitors (eg, celecoxib). Selective NSAID exposure caused respiratory symptoms in approximately 1 in 13 patients with AERD (RD, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.14; P = .01). No significant differences were found according to leukotriene antagonist exposure or whether NSAIDs were randomly allocated. CONCLUSION: According to clinical trial evidence in patients with stable mild-to-moderate asthma with AERD, acute exposure to COX-2 inhibitors is safe, and selective NSAIDs exhibit a small risk. Thus COX-2 inhibitors could be used in patients with AERD or in patients with general asthma unwilling to risk nonselective NSAID exposure when oral challenge tests are unavailable.
BACKGROUND: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause bronchospasm in susceptible patients with asthma, often termed aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), with the risk being greatest after acute exposure. Selective NSAIDs that preferentially inhibit COX-2 might be safer. OBJECTIVE: We sought to systematically evaluate changes in symptoms and pulmonary function after acute selective NSAID or COX-2 inhibitor exposure in patients with the AERD phenotype. METHODS: A systematic review of databases was performed to identify all blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials evaluating acute selective NSAID or COX-2 inhibitor exposure in patients with AERD. Effect estimates for changes in respiratory function and symptoms were pooled by using fixed-effects meta-analysis, with heterogeneity investigated. RESULTS: No significant difference in respiratory symptoms (risk difference, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.03 to 0.01; P = .57), decrease in FEV1 of 20% or greater (RD, 0.00; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.02; P = .77), or nasal symptoms (RD, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.04 to 0.02; P = .42) occurred with COX-2 inhibitors (eg, celecoxib). Selective NSAID exposure caused respiratory symptoms in approximately 1 in 13 patients with AERD (RD, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.14; P = .01). No significant differences were found according to leukotriene antagonist exposure or whether NSAIDs were randomly allocated. CONCLUSION: According to clinical trial evidence in patients with stable mild-to-moderate asthma with AERD, acute exposure to COX-2 inhibitors is safe, and selective NSAIDs exhibit a small risk. Thus COX-2 inhibitors could be used in patients with AERD or in patients with general asthma unwilling to risk nonselective NSAID exposure when oral challenge tests are unavailable.
Authors: Lorena Miss Ozuna; Tessa Ryan; Jillian C Bensko; Tanya M Laidlaw; Kathleen M Buchheit Journal: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Date: 2022-02-03 Impact factor: 6.347