Transitioning pharmacoperones to therapeutic use: in vivo proof-of-principle and design of high throughput screens.

A pharmacoperone (from "pharmacological chaperone") is a small molecule that enters cells and serves as molecular scaffolding in order to cause otherwise-misfolded mutant proteins to fold and route correctly within the cell. Pharmacoperones have broad therapeutic applicability since a large number of diseases have their genesis in the misfolding of proteins and resultant misrouting within the cell. Misrouting may result in loss-of-function and, potentially, the accumulation of defective mutants in cellular compartments. Most known pharmacoperones were initially derived from receptor antagonist screens and, for this reason, present a complex pharmacology, although these are highly target specific. In this summary, we describe efforts to produce high throughput screens that identify these molecules from chemical libraries as well as a mouse model which provides proof-of-principle for in vivo protein rescue using existing pharmacoperones.