Mayuka Nakajima1, Tomoyuki Honda1, Sayuri Miyauchi1, Kazuhisa Yamazaki2. 1. Laboratory of Periodontology and Immunology, Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. 2. Laboratory of Periodontology and Immunology, Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. Electronic address: kaz@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to clarify whether gingival fibroblasts produce periostin in response to Th2 cytokines which are elevated in periodontitis lesion and, if so, whether periostin affects the inflammatory response and matrix-protein metabolism. DESIGN: Human gingival fibroblasts, periodontal ligament cells and the gingival epithelial cell line epi4 were stimulated with interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Periostin expression was analysed by real-time polymerase chain-reaction (PCR) and Western blotting. The expression of the IL-4 receptor α-chain was evaluated by immunocytochemistry. The effect of periostin on the production of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of matrix protein-related genes was analysed by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: While IL-4 and IL-13 significantly induced periostin production in gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells, no effect was observed in epi4 cells. No stimulatory effect of TNF-α or P. gingivalis LPS on the production of periostin was observed. The effect of periostin on the production of inflammatory cytokines was weak in gingival fibroblasts; however, little or no effect was observed on periodontal ligament cells or epi4 cells. No significant effect of periostin on the expression of matrix protein-related genes was found. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that gingival fibroblasts may be a source of periostin in periodontitis lesions but periostin has only a limited role either in the inflammatory response or in matrix-protein metabolism. Thus, the role of periostin in the cellular interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal cells in gingiva may be distinct from that of skin.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to clarify whether gingival fibroblasts produce periostin in response to Th2 cytokines which are elevated in periodontitis lesion and, if so, whether periostin affects the inflammatory response and matrix-protein metabolism. DESIGN:Human gingival fibroblasts, periodontal ligament cells and the gingival epithelial cell line epi4 were stimulated with interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Porphyromonas gingivalislipopolysaccharide (LPS). Periostin expression was analysed by real-time polymerase chain-reaction (PCR) and Western blotting. The expression of the IL-4 receptor α-chain was evaluated by immunocytochemistry. The effect of periostin on the production of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of matrix protein-related genes was analysed by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: While IL-4 and IL-13 significantly induced periostin production in gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells, no effect was observed in epi4 cells. No stimulatory effect of TNF-α or P. gingivalisLPS on the production of periostin was observed. The effect of periostin on the production of inflammatory cytokines was weak in gingival fibroblasts; however, little or no effect was observed on periodontal ligament cells or epi4 cells. No significant effect of periostin on the expression of matrix protein-related genes was found. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that gingival fibroblasts may be a source of periostin in periodontitis lesions but periostin has only a limited role either in the inflammatory response or in matrix-protein metabolism. Thus, the role of periostin in the cellular interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal cells in gingiva may be distinct from that of skin.