Gordian L Schmid1, Franziska Kässner2, Holm H Uhlig3, Antje Körner1, Jürgen Kratzsch4, Norman Händel2, Fred-P Zepp5, Frank Kowalzik5, Andreas Laner6, Sven Starke2, Franziska K Wilhelm1, Susanne Schuster2, Adrian Viehweger7, Wolfgang Hirsch7, Wieland Kiess2, Antje Garten2. 1. 1] Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Department of Women and Child Health, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany [2] Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany. 2. Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Department of Women and Child Health, Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 3. John Radcliffe Hospital, Translational Gastroenterology Unit and Children's Hospital, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. 4. Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 5. Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. 6. Medical Genetics Center, Munich, Germany. 7. Department of Paediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) is caused by germ line mutations in the PTEN gene. Symptoms include cancer predisposition, immune deviations, and lipomas/lipomatosis. No causal standard therapy is available. We describe a therapeutic attempt with the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor sirolimus for a PHTS patient suffering from thymus hyperplasia and lipomatosis. We furthermore assessed the in vitro effects of sirolimus and other inhibitors on lipoma cells of the patient. METHODS: The patient underwent clinical and blood examinations and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging to assess tumor sizes. Lipoma cells of the patient were incubated with inhibitors of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to analyze the effects on proliferation, adipocyte differentiation, and survival in vitro. RESULTS: Sirolimus treatment improved somatic growth and reduced thymus volume. These effects diminished over the treatment period of 19 mo. Sirolimus decreased lipoma cell proliferation and adipocyte differentiation in vitro but did not cause apoptosis. PI3K and AKT inhibitors induced apoptosis significantly. CONCLUSION: Sirolimus treatment led to an improvement of the patient's clinical status and a transient reduction of the thymus. Our in vitro findings point to PI3K and AKT inhibitors as potential treatment options for patients with severe forms of PHTS.
BACKGROUND: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) is caused by germ line mutations in the PTEN gene. Symptoms include cancer predisposition, immune deviations, and lipomas/lipomatosis. No causal standard therapy is available. We describe a therapeutic attempt with the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor sirolimus for a PHTS patient suffering from thymus hyperplasia and lipomatosis. We furthermore assessed the in vitro effects of sirolimus and other inhibitors on lipoma cells of the patient. METHODS: The patient underwent clinical and blood examinations and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging to assess tumor sizes. Lipoma cells of the patient were incubated with inhibitors of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to analyze the effects on proliferation, adipocyte differentiation, and survival in vitro. RESULTS:Sirolimus treatment improved somatic growth and reduced thymus volume. These effects diminished over the treatment period of 19 mo. Sirolimus decreased lipoma cell proliferation and adipocyte differentiation in vitro but did not cause apoptosis. PI3K and AKT inhibitors induced apoptosis significantly. CONCLUSION:Sirolimus treatment led to an improvement of the patient's clinical status and a transient reduction of the thymus. Our in vitro findings point to PI3K and AKT inhibitors as potential treatment options for patients with severe forms of PHTS.
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