Kevin T Dicker1, Lisa A Gurski2, Swati Pradhan-Bhatt3, Robert L Witt4, Mary C Farach-Carson5, Xinqiao Jia6. 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 201 DuPont Hall, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. 2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. 3. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Christiana Care Health Systems (CCHS), Newark, DE 19713, USA. 4. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Christiana Care Health Systems (CCHS), Newark, DE 19713, USA; Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. 5. Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA. 6. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 201 DuPont Hall, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA. Electronic address: xjia@udel.edu.
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear polysaccharide with disaccharide repeats of d-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. It is evolutionarily conserved and abundantly expressed in the extracellular matrix (ECM), on the cell surface and even inside cells. Being a simple polysaccharide, HA exhibits an astonishing array of biological functions. HA interacts with various proteins or proteoglycans to organize the ECM and to maintain tissue homeostasis. The unique physical and mechanical properties of HA contribute to the maintenance of tissue hydration, the mediation of solute diffusion through the extracellular space and the lubrication of certain tissues. The diverse biological functions of HA are manifested through its complex interactions with matrix components and resident cells. Binding of HA with cell surface receptors activates various signaling pathways, which regulate cell function, tissue development, inflammation, wound healing and tumor progression and metastasis. Taking advantage of the inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability of HA, as well as its susceptibility to chemical modification, researchers have developed various HA-based biomaterials and tissue constructs with promising and broad clinical potential. This paper illustrates the properties of HA from a matrix biology perspective by first introducing the principles underlying the biosynthesis and biodegradation of HA, as well as the interactions of HA with various proteins and proteoglycans. It next highlights the roles of HA in physiological and pathological states, including morphogenesis, wound healing and tumor metastasis. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the roles of HA in various physiological processes can provide new insights and tools for the engineering of complex tissues and tissue models.
Hyaluronan (n class="Chemical">HA) is a linear polysaccharide with disaccharide repeats of d-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. It is evolutionarily conserved and abundantly expressed in the extracellular matrix (ECM), on the cell surface and even inside cells. Being a simple polysaccharide, HA exhibits an astonishing array of biological functions. HA interacts with various proteins or proteoglycans to organize the ECM and to maintain tissue homeostasis. The unique physical and mechanical properties of HA contribute to the maintenance of tissue hydration, the mediation of solute diffusion through the extracellular space and the lubrication of certain tissues. The diverse biological functions of HA are manifested through its complex interactions with matrix components and resident cells. Binding of HA with cell surface receptors activates various signaling pathways, which regulate cell function, tissue development, inflammation, wound healing and tumor progression and metastasis. Taking advantage of the inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability of HA, as well as its susceptibility to chemical modification, researchers have developed various HA-based biomaterials and tissue constructs with promising and broad clinical potential. This paper illustrates the properties of HA from a matrix biology perspective by first introducing the principles underlying the biosynthesis and biodegradation of HA, as well as the interactions of HA with various proteins and proteoglycans. It next highlights the roles of HA in physiological and pathological states, including morphogenesis, wound healing and tumor metastasis. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the roles of HA in various physiological processes can provide new insights and tools for the engineering of complex tissues and tissue models.
Authors: Madhu S Pandey; Bruce A Baggenstoss; Jennifer Washburn; Edward N Harris; Paul H Weigel Journal: J Biol Chem Date: 2013-03-24 Impact factor: 5.157
Authors: Cornelia Tolg; Sara R Hamilton; Ewa Zalinska; Lori McCulloch; Ripal Amin; Natalia Akentieva; Francoise Winnik; Rashmin Savani; Darius J Bagli; Len G Luyt; Mary K Cowman; Jim B McCarthy; Eva A Turley Journal: Am J Pathol Date: 2012-08-11 Impact factor: 4.307
Authors: Carol A de la Motte; Vincent C Hascall; Judith Drazba; Sudip K Bandyopadhyay; Scott A Strong Journal: Am J Pathol Date: 2003-07 Impact factor: 4.307
Authors: Meenakshi Choudhary; Xin Zhang; Petra Stojkovic; Louise Hyslop; George Anyfantis; Mary Herbert; Alison P Murdoch; Miodrag Stojkovic; Majlinda Lako Journal: Stem Cells Date: 2007-09-13 Impact factor: 6.277
Authors: Tugba Ozdemir; Padma Pradeepa Srinivasan; Daniel R Zakheim; Daniel A Harrington; Robert L Witt; Mary C Farach-Carson; Xinqiao Jia; Swati Pradhan-Bhatt Journal: Biomaterials Date: 2017-07-14 Impact factor: 12.479