Polymicrobial wound infections: pathophysiology and current therapeutic approaches.

Acute and chronic wounds represent a very common health problem in the entire world. The dermal wounds are colonized by aerobic and anaerobic bacterial and fungal strains, most of them belonging to the resident microbiota of the surrounding skin, oral cavity and gut, or from the external environment, forming polymicrobial communities called biofilms, which are prevalent especially in chronic wounds. A better understanding of the precise mechanisms by which microbial biofilms delay repair processes together with optimizing methods for biofilm detection and prevention may enhance opportunities for chronic wounds healing. The purpose of this minireview is to assess the role of polymicrobial biofilms in the occurrence and evolution of wound infections, as well as the current and future preventive and therapeutic strategies used for the management of polymicrobial wound infections.