Midbrain periaqueductal grey region in the cat has afferent and efferent connections with solitary tract nuclei.

Wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) injections were made at the same sites within the midbrain periaqueductal grey region (PAG) of the cat at which microinjections of excitatory amino acids had previously elicited the set of autonomic and somatic reactions (i.e. pupil dilatation, piloerection, retraction of the ears, arching of the back, hissing, howling and growling) known as the 'defence reaction'. The WGA-HRP injections revealed that this PAG region has an extensive set of afferent and efferent connections with solitary tract nuclei (NTS). Within the NTS the majority of labelled neurons were distributed, in approximately equal numbers, in the ipsilateral medial solitary nucleus (SM) and the ipsilateral and the contralateral ventrolateral solitary nuclei (SVL). The densest anterograde labelling was found in the ipsilateral SM, with lighter anterograde labelling in the contralateral SM and bilaterally in the commissural solitary nucleus and SVL. The described connections between the defence region of the PAG and the NTS not only provide a new anatomical basis for cardiovascular and respiratory components of the reaction, but also add to the evidence that, in addition to the hypothalamus, the PAG is an important integrating center for the autonomic and somatic elements of the defence reaction.