Two different tetrodotoxin-separable inward sodium currents in the membrane of isolated cardiomyocytes.

Isolated ventricular myocytes of 3 to 5 weeks old rats were studied under conditions of intracellular perfusion and voltage clamp. The existence of two inward sodium currents with different TTX-sensitivities and different properties was shown. The fast sodium current was more sensitive to TTX (Kd about 8 X 10(-8) mol/l). The block of the slow sodium current by TTX was less specific (Kd about 7 X 10(-6) mol/l). There was an about four fold difference in the inactivation time constants between these currents. The maximum on the I-V curve of the slow sodium current was shifted along the voltage axis by about 15 mV in the positive direction as compared with that of the fast sodium current. A slow current carried by calcium ions was observed in sodium-free solution. The kinetics and TTX-sensitivity of this current were similar to those of the slow sodium current. The amplitude of this current was 15 to 20 times lower as compared with the slow sodium current observed in Na-containing solution with 10(-6) mol/l TTX (a concentration which completely blocked the fast sodium current). It is suggested that the slow voltage-gated TTX-sensitive channels described are not highly selective and pass both sodium and calcium ions.