Current strategy for successful periradicular surgery.

Periradicular surgery is often used as a last resort to save an endodontically treated tooth with a persistent periapical lesion. The introduction of surgical microscopes, ultrasonics, and compatible root-end filling materials has made periradicular surgery a much more predictable treatment. The advantages of modern periradicular surgery include easier identification of root apices, smaller osteotomines, shallower resection angles, and tight sealing within the prepared root-end cavity. Modern periradicular surgical thus has a much higher success rate than traditional periradicular surgery.