BACKGROUND: Anti-Entamoeba histolytica antibody (anti- E. histolytica) is widely used in seroprevalence studies though its clinical significance has not been assessed previously. METHODS: Anti-E. histolytica titer was measured at first visit to our clinic (baseline) in 1303 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The time to diagnosis of invasive amebiasis was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and risk factors for the development of invasive amebiasis were assessed by Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis. For patients who developed invasive amebiasis, anti-E. histolytica titers at onset were compared with those at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS: The anti-E. histolytica seroprevalence in the study population was 21.3% (277/1303). Eighteen patients developed invasive amebiasis during the treatment-free period among 1207 patients who had no history of previous treatment with nitroimidazole. Patients with high anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline developed invasive amebiasis more frequently than those with low anti-E. histolytica titer. Most cases of invasive amebiasis who had high anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline developed within 1 year. High anti-E. histolytica titer was the only independent predictor of future invasive amebiasis. Anti-E. histolytica titer was elevated at the onset of invasive amebiasis in patients with low anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic HIV-1-infected individuals with high anti-E. histolytica titer are at risk of invasive amebiasis probably due to exacerbation of subclinical amebiasis.
BACKGROUND: Anti-Entamoeba histolytica antibody (anti- E. histolytica) is widely used in seroprevalence studies though its clinical significance has not been assessed previously. METHODS: Anti-E. histolytica titer was measured at first visit to our clinic (baseline) in 1303 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The time to diagnosis of invasive amebiasis was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and risk factors for the development of invasive amebiasis were assessed by Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis. For patients who developed invasive amebiasis, anti-E. histolytica titers at onset were compared with those at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS: The anti-E. histolytica seroprevalence in the study population was 21.3% (277/1303). Eighteen patients developed invasive amebiasis during the treatment-free period among 1207 patients who had no history of previous treatment with nitroimidazole. Patients with high anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline developed invasive amebiasis more frequently than those with low anti-E. histolytica titer. Most cases of invasive amebiasis who had high anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline developed within 1 year. High anti-E. histolytica titer was the only independent predictor of future invasive amebiasis. Anti-E. histolytica titer was elevated at the onset of invasive amebiasis in patients with low anti-E. histolytica titer at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic HIV-1-infected individuals with high anti-E. histolytica titer are at risk of invasive amebiasis probably due to exacerbation of subclinical amebiasis.
Authors: Robert Ball; Stephen D Woolley; Fiona Campbell; Tom Wingfield; Richard M Heath; Nick J Beeching; Lance Turtle Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2018-07-26 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Koji Watanabe; Carol A Gilchrist; Md Jashim Uddin; Stacey L Burgess; Mayuresh M Abhyankar; Shannon N Moonah; Zannatun Noor; Jeffrey R Donowitz; Brittany N Schneider; Tuhinur Arju; Emtiaz Ahmed; Mamun Kabir; Masud Alam; Rashidul Haque; Patcharin Pramoonjago; Borna Mehrad; William A Petri Journal: PLoS Pathog Date: 2017-08-17 Impact factor: 6.823