Papillary squamous cell carcinoma of the trachea associated with human papillomavirus-18 infection.

A 75-year-old man presented with the chief complaints of coughing and dyspnea. Chest computed tomography revealed narrowing of the trachea. A tumor measuring 40×33×15 mm in size that caused -90% reduction in the cross-sectional area of the trachea 4 cm above the carina was cauterized with high-frequency electrocautery via a rigid bronchoscope. A pathological examination revealed papillary squamous cell carcinoma with immunohistochemical p16 overexpression. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction confirmed human papillomavirus type 18 DNA in the tumor. At the 12-month follow-up visit following the administration of radiotherapy, the patient exhibited no local recurrence or distant metastasis.