Margalida Gili1, Mauro García Toro1, Silvia Armengol2, Javier García-Campayo3, Adoración Castro4, Miquel Roca1. 1. Professor, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Senior Researcher, Red de Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud en Atención Primaria (RediAPP), Palma de Mallorca, Spain. 2. Manager, Almirall Medical Department, Barcelona, Spain. 3. Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Miguel Servet Hospital, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. 4. Doctoral Student, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the potential for different aspects of anxiety to modify the effect of impaired functioning in major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: Participants (n = 1226) were psychiatric outpatients with MDD. A cross-sectional, multicentre, nationwide study was designed. The 12-item version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II was used to assess functional limitation. Anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Depression severity was measured using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. RESULTS: About 43.1% of patients had a comorbid MDD and anxiety disorder. Poorer functioning correlated significantly with severity of depression (Pearson r = 0.78, P = 0.001), severity of anxiety (r = 0.65, P = 0.001), and higher anxiety trait scores (r = 0.40, P = 0.001), but not significantly with STAI-State scores (r = 0.03, P = 0.26). The overall regression model was significant and explained 66% of the functioning variability in patients with MDD, mostly attributable to depression severity. Results indicate that anxiety has a moderate impact on functioning impairment in patients with MDD. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that MDD and anxiety severity appear to be associated significantly with impaired functioning in patients with MDD but explains only a moderate proportion of variance.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the potential for different aspects of anxiety to modify the effect of impaired functioning in major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS:Participants (n = 1226) were psychiatric outpatients with MDD. A cross-sectional, multicentre, nationwide study was designed. The 12-item version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II was used to assess functional limitation. Anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Depression severity was measured using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. RESULTS: About 43.1% of patients had a comorbid MDD and anxiety disorder. Poorer functioning correlated significantly with severity of depression (Pearson r = 0.78, P = 0.001), severity of anxiety (r = 0.65, P = 0.001), and higher anxiety trait scores (r = 0.40, P = 0.001), but not significantly with STAI-State scores (r = 0.03, P = 0.26). The overall regression model was significant and explained 66% of the functioning variability in patients with MDD, mostly attributable to depression severity. Results indicate that anxiety has a moderate impact on functioning impairment in patients with MDD. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that MDD and anxiety severity appear to be associated significantly with impaired functioning in patients with MDD but explains only a moderate proportion of variance.
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