Vanessa D Sherk1, Daniel W Barry, Karen L Villalon, Kent C Hansen, Pamela Wolfe, Wendy M Kohrt. 1. *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; †Department of Health, Exercise, and Rehabilitative Sciences, Winona State University, Winona, Minnesota; and ‡Department of Preventative Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To observe changes in hip, spine, and tibia bone characteristics in female cyclists over the course of 1 year of training. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Female cyclists (n = 14) aged 26-41 years with at least 1 year of competition history and intent to compete in 10 or more races in the coming year. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS: Women who train and compete in road cycling as their primary sport. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total body fat-free and fat mass and lumbar spine and proximal femur areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) assessments by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Volumetric BMD and BMC of the tibia were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography at sites corresponding to 4%, 38%, 66%, and 96% of tibia length. Time points were baseline and after 12 months of training and competition. RESULTS: Weight and body composition did not change significantly over 12 months. Total hip aBMD and BMC decreased by -1.4% ± 1.9% and -2.1% ± 2.3% (P < 0.02) and subtrochanter aBMD and BMC decreased by -2.1% ± 2.0% and -3.3% ± 3.7% (P < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in lumbar spine BMC (-1.1% ± 1.9%; P = 0.03). There were no significant bone changes in the tibia (P > 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: Bone loss in female cyclists was site specific and similar in magnitude to losses previously reported in male cyclists. Research is needed to understand the mechanisms for bone loss in cyclists.
OBJECTIVE: To observe changes in hip, spine, and tibia bone characteristics in female cyclists over the course of 1 year of training. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Female cyclists (n = 14) aged 26-41 years with at least 1 year of competition history and intent to compete in 10 or more races in the coming year. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS: Women who train and compete in road cycling as their primary sport. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total body fat-free and fat mass and lumbar spine and proximal femur areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) assessments by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Volumetric BMD and BMC of the tibia were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography at sites corresponding to 4%, 38%, 66%, and 96% of tibia length. Time points were baseline and after 12 months of training and competition. RESULTS: Weight and body composition did not change significantly over 12 months. Total hip aBMD and BMC decreased by -1.4% ± 1.9% and -2.1% ± 2.3% (P < 0.02) and subtrochanter aBMD and BMC decreased by -2.1% ± 2.0% and -3.3% ± 3.7% (P < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in lumbar spine BMC (-1.1% ± 1.9%; P = 0.03). There were no significant bone changes in the tibia (P > 0.11). CONCLUSIONS:Bone loss in female cyclists was site specific and similar in magnitude to losses previously reported in male cyclists. Research is needed to understand the mechanisms for bone loss in cyclists.
Authors: Jörn Rittweger; Harold M Frost; Hans Schiessl; Hiroshi Ohshima; Björn Alkner; Per Tesch; Dieter Felsenberg Journal: Bone Date: 2005-04-02 Impact factor: 4.398
Authors: Aurelia Nattiv; Anne B Loucks; Melinda M Manore; Charlotte F Sanborn; Jorunn Sundgot-Borgen; Michelle P Warren Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2007-10 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: L Maïmoun; J Manetta; I Couret; A M Dupuy; D Mariano-Goulart; J P Micallef; E Peruchon; M Rossi Journal: Int J Sports Med Date: 2006-02 Impact factor: 3.118
Authors: Vanessa D Sherk; Sarah J Wherry; Daniel W Barry; Karen L Shea; Pamela Wolfe; Wendy M Kohrt Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2017-07 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Sarah J Wherry; Christine M Swanson; Pamela Wolfe; Toby Wellington; Rebecca S Boxer; Robert S Schwartz; Wendy M Kohrt Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2019-08 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Wendy M Kohrt; Pamela Wolfe; Vanessa D Sherk; Sarah J Wherry; Toby Wellington; Edward L Melanson; Christine M Swanson; Connie M Weaver; Rebecca S Boxer Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2019-10 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Eric C Haakonssen; Megan L Ross; Emma J Knight; Louise E Cato; Alisa Nana; Anita E Wluka; Flavia M Cicuttini; Bing H Wang; David G Jenkins; Louise M Burke Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-05-13 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Karen L Troy; Megan E Mancuso; Tiffiny A Butler; Joshua E Johnson Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2018-04-28 Impact factor: 3.390