BACKGROUND: Noninvasive ventilation has been studied as a means of reducing complications among patients being weaned from invasive mechanical ventilation. We sought to summarize evidence comparing noninvasive and invasive weaning and their effects on mortality. METHODS: We identified relevant randomized and quasirandomized trials through searches of databases, conference proceedings and grey literature. We included trials comparing extubation and immediate application of noninvasive ventilation with continued invasive weaning in adults on mechanical ventilation. Two reviewers each independently screened citations, assessed trial quality and abstracted data. Our primary outcome was mortality. RESULTS: We identified 16 trials involving 994 participants, most of whom had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Compared with invasive weaning, noninvasive weaning significantly reduced mortality (risk ratio [RR] 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36 to 0.80), weaning failures (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.96), ventilator-associated pneumonia (RR 0.25, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.43), length of stay in the intensive care unit (mean difference [MD] -5.59 d, 95% CI -7.90 to -3.28) and in hospital (MD -6.04 d, 95% CI -9.22 to -2.87), and total duration of mechanical ventilation (MD -5.64 d, 95% CI -9.50 to -1.77). Noninvasive weaning had no significant effect on the duration of ventilation related to weaning, but significantly reduced rates of tracheostomy (RR 0.19, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.47) and reintubation (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.97). Mortality benefits were significantly greater in trials enrolling patients with COPD than in trials enrolling mixed patient populations (RR 0.36 [95% CI 0.24 to 0.56] v. RR 0.81 [95% CI 0.47 to 1.40]). INTERPRETATION: Noninvasive weaning reduces rates of death and pneumonia without increasing the risk of weaning failure or reintubation. In subgroup analyses, mortality benefits were significantly greater in patients with COPD.
BACKGROUND: Noninvasive ventilation has been studied as a means of reducing complications among patients being weaned from invasive mechanical ventilation. We sought to summarize evidence comparing noninvasive and invasive weaning and their effects on mortality. METHODS: We identified relevant randomized and quasirandomized trials through searches of databases, conference proceedings and grey literature. We included trials comparing extubation and immediate application of noninvasive ventilation with continued invasive weaning in adults on mechanical ventilation. Two reviewers each independently screened citations, assessed trial quality and abstracted data. Our primary outcome was mortality. RESULTS: We identified 16 trials involving 994 participants, most of whom had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Compared with invasive weaning, noninvasive weaning significantly reduced mortality (risk ratio [RR] 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36 to 0.80), weaning failures (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.96), ventilator-associated pneumonia (RR 0.25, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.43), length of stay in the intensive care unit (mean difference [MD] -5.59 d, 95% CI -7.90 to -3.28) and in hospital (MD -6.04 d, 95% CI -9.22 to -2.87), and total duration of mechanical ventilation (MD -5.64 d, 95% CI -9.50 to -1.77). Noninvasive weaning had no significant effect on the duration of ventilation related to weaning, but significantly reduced rates of tracheostomy (RR 0.19, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.47) and reintubation (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.97). Mortality benefits were significantly greater in trials enrolling patients with COPD than in trials enrolling mixed patient populations (RR 0.36 [95% CI 0.24 to 0.56] v. RR 0.81 [95% CI 0.47 to 1.40]). INTERPRETATION: Noninvasive weaning reduces rates of death and pneumonia without increasing the risk of weaning failure or reintubation. In subgroup analyses, mortality benefits were significantly greater in patients with COPD.
Authors: Gordon H Guyatt; Andrew D Oxman; Gunn E Vist; Regina Kunz; Yngve Falck-Ytter; Pablo Alonso-Coello; Holger J Schünemann Journal: BMJ Date: 2008-04-26
Authors: Christophe Girault; Michael Bubenheim; Fekri Abroug; Jean Luc Diehl; Souheil Elatrous; Pascal Beuret; Jack Richecoeur; Erwan L'Her; Gilles Hilbert; Gilles Capellier; Antoine Rabbat; Mohamed Besbes; Claude Guérin; Philippe Guiot; Jacques Bénichou; Guy Bonmarchand Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2011-09-15 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: M Antonelli; G Conti; M Rocco; M Bufi; R A De Blasi; G Vivino; A Gasparetto; G U Meduri Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 1998-08-13 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Kristian Thorlund; Georgina Imberger; Michael Walsh; Rong Chu; Christian Gluud; Jørn Wetterslev; Gordon Guyatt; Philip J Devereaux; Lehana Thabane Journal: PLoS One Date: 2011-10-18 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Samir Jaber; Giacomo Bellani; Lluis Blanch; Alexandre Demoule; Andrés Esteban; Luciano Gattinoni; Claude Guérin; Nicholas Hill; John G Laffey; Salvatore Maurizio Maggiore; Jordi Mancebo; Paul H Mayo; Jarrod M Mosier; Paolo Navalesi; Michael Quintel; Jean Louis Vincent; John J Marini Journal: Intensive Care Med Date: 2017-08-07 Impact factor: 17.440
Authors: Gaëtane C Michaud; Colleen L Channick; Anica C Law; Jessica B McCannon; MaryEllen Antkowiak; Garth Garrison; David Sayah; Richard H Huynh; Anna K Brady; Rosemary Adamson; Hilary DuBrock; Praveen Akuthota; Chad Marion; Charles Dela Cruz; James A Town; Başak Çoruh; Carey C Thomson Journal: Ann Am Thorac Soc Date: 2016-07
Authors: Katherine R Schlosser; Gaston A Fiore; Craig D Smallwood; John F Griffin; Alon Geva; Mauricio Santillana; John H Arnold Journal: Respir Care Date: 2019-09-24 Impact factor: 2.258