Alicia M January1, Kathy Zebracki2, Kathleen M Chlan3, Lawrence C Vogel4. 1. Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL; Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI. 2. Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL. Electronic address: kzebracki@shrinenet.org. 3. Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL. 4. Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL; Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury (SCI) and explore potential risk factors that may be associated with elevated symptoms. DESIGN: Longitudinal, cohort survey over a period of 2 to 9 years. Follow-up occurred approximately every year, a total of 868 interviews were conducted, and most participants contributed to at least 3 waves of data (72%; range, 2-8; mean, 4.34±2.16). SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Adults (N=214; 133 men; mean age at first interview, 29.52±5.21y; range, 24-42y) who sustained an SCI prior to age 19 (mean age at injury, 13.93±4.37y; range, 0-18y). Participants tended to have complete injuries (71%) and tetraplegia (58%). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants completed measures assessing psychosocial functioning, physical independence, participation, and depression at each time point. Multilevel growth modeling analyses were used to explore depression symptoms across time. RESULTS: Depression symptoms at initial status were typically minimal (3.07±.24; 95% confidence interval, 2.6-3.54) but fluctuated significantly over time (P<.01). Several factors emerged as significant predictors of depressive symptoms in the final model, including less community participation (P<.01), incomplete injury (P=.02), hazardous drinking (P=.02), bladder incontinence (P=.01), and pain (P=.03). Within individuals, as bowel accidents (P<.01) and pain increased (P<.01), depression scores increased; however, marriage resulted in decreases in depression scores for individuals (P=.02). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that most patients with pediatric-onset SCI are psychologically resilient, but strategies to minimize secondary health complications and foster community participation and engagement should be considered.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury (SCI) and explore potential risk factors that may be associated with elevated symptoms. DESIGN: Longitudinal, cohort survey over a period of 2 to 9 years. Follow-up occurred approximately every year, a total of 868 interviews were conducted, and most participants contributed to at least 3 waves of data (72%; range, 2-8; mean, 4.34±2.16). SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Adults (N=214; 133 men; mean age at first interview, 29.52±5.21y; range, 24-42y) who sustained an SCI prior to age 19 (mean age at injury, 13.93±4.37y; range, 0-18y). Participants tended to have complete injuries (71%) and tetraplegia (58%). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants completed measures assessing psychosocial functioning, physical independence, participation, and depression at each time point. Multilevel growth modeling analyses were used to explore depression symptoms across time. RESULTS:Depression symptoms at initial status were typically minimal (3.07±.24; 95% confidence interval, 2.6-3.54) but fluctuated significantly over time (P<.01). Several factors emerged as significant predictors of depressive symptoms in the final model, including less community participation (P<.01), incomplete injury (P=.02), hazardous drinking (P=.02), bladder incontinence (P=.01), and pain (P=.03). Within individuals, as bowel accidents (P<.01) and pain increased (P<.01), depression scores increased; however, marriage resulted in decreases in depression scores for individuals (P=.02). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that most patients with pediatric-onset SCI are psychologically resilient, but strategies to minimize secondary health complications and foster community participation and engagement should be considered.
Authors: Charles H Bombardier; Casey B Azuero; Jesse R Fann; Donald D Kautz; J Scott Richards; Sunil Sabharwal Journal: Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil Date: 2021
Authors: Hans G Novrup; Valerie Bracchi-Ricard; Ditte G Ellman; Jerome Ricard; Anjana Jain; Erik Runko; Lise Lyck; Minna Yli-Karjanmaa; David E Szymkowski; Damien D Pearse; Kate L Lambertsen; John R Bethea Journal: J Neuroinflammation Date: 2014-09-10 Impact factor: 8.322