Ravi Shah1, Etienne Gayat2, James L Januzzi3, Naoki Sato4, Alain Cohen-Solal5, Salvatore diSomma6, Enrique Fairman7, Veli-Pekka Harjola8, Shiro Ishihara9, Johan Lassus10, Aldo Maggioni11, Marco Metra12, Christian Mueller13, Thomas Mueller14, Jiri Parenica15, Domingo Pascual-Figal16, William Frank Peacock17, Jindrich Spinar15, Roland van Kimmenade18, Alexandre Mebazaa10. 1. Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 2. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Lariboisière University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France. 3. Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: jjanuzzi@partners.org. 4. Internal Medicine, Cardiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. 5. Biomarkers and Heart Diseases, UMR-942, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France. 6. Emergency Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. 7. Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia, Area de Investigacion SAC Azcuenaga, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 8. Division of Emergency Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 9. Department of Cardiology, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan. 10. Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 11. ANMCO Research Center, Firenze, Italy. 12. Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. 13. Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland. 14. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder, Linz, Austria. 15. Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. 16. Cardiology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Murcia, Murcia, Spain. 17. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. 18. University Medical Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to define the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in heart failure (HF) across the world and to identify specific groups in whom BMI may differentially mediate risk. BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with incident HF, but it is paradoxically associated with better prognosis during chronic HF. METHODS: We studied 6,142 patients with acute decompensated HF from 12 prospective observational cohorts followed-up across 4 continents. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazards models and net reclassification index described associations of BMI with all-cause mortality. RESULTS: Normal-weight patients (BMI 18.5 to 25 kg/m(2)) were older with more advanced HF and lower cardiometabolic risk. Despite worldwide heterogeneity in clinical features across obesity categories, a higher BMI remained associated with decreased 30-day and 1-year mortality (11% decrease at 30 days; 9% decrease at 1 year per 5 kg/m(2); p < 0.05), after adjustment for clinical risk. The BMI obtained at index admission provided effective 1-year risk reclassification beyond current markers of clinical risk (net reclassification index 0.119, p < 0.001). Notably, the "protective" association of BMI with mortality was confined to persons with older age (>75 years; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82; p = 0.006), decreased cardiac function (ejection fraction <50%; HR: 0.85; p < 0.001), no diabetes (HR: 0.86; p < 0.001), and de novo HF (HR: 0.89; p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: A lower BMI is associated with age, disease severity, and a higher risk of death in acute decompensated HF. The "obesity paradox" is confined to older persons, with decreased cardiac function, less cardiometabolic illness, and recent-onset HF, suggesting that aging, HF severity/chronicity, and metabolism may explain the obesity paradox.
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to define the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in heart failure (HF) across the world and to identify specific groups in whom BMI may differentially mediate risk. BACKGROUND:Obesity is associated with incident HF, but it is paradoxically associated with better prognosis during chronic HF. METHODS: We studied 6,142 patients with acute decompensated HF from 12 prospective observational cohorts followed-up across 4 continents. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazards models and net reclassification index described associations of BMI with all-cause mortality. RESULTS: Normal-weight patients (BMI 18.5 to 25 kg/m(2)) were older with more advanced HF and lower cardiometabolic risk. Despite worldwide heterogeneity in clinical features across obesity categories, a higher BMI remained associated with decreased 30-day and 1-year mortality (11% decrease at 30 days; 9% decrease at 1 year per 5 kg/m(2); p < 0.05), after adjustment for clinical risk. The BMI obtained at index admission provided effective 1-year risk reclassification beyond current markers of clinical risk (net reclassification index 0.119, p < 0.001). Notably, the "protective" association of BMI with mortality was confined to persons with older age (>75 years; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82; p = 0.006), decreased cardiac function (ejection fraction <50%; HR: 0.85; p < 0.001), no diabetes (HR: 0.86; p < 0.001), and de novo HF (HR: 0.89; p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: A lower BMI is associated with age, disease severity, and a higher risk of death in acute decompensated HF. The "obesity paradox" is confined to older persons, with decreased cardiac function, less cardiometabolic illness, and recent-onset HF, suggesting that aging, HF severity/chronicity, and metabolism may explain the obesity paradox.
Authors: Michael G Nanna; Alexander E Sullivan; Vlada Bazylevska; Risa L Wong; Terrence E Murphy; Lavanya Bellumkonda; Robert L McNamara Journal: Future Cardiol Date: 2020-04-14
Authors: A Jahangir; M Mirza; M Shahreyar; T Mengesha; R Shearer; S Sultan; A Jahangir; I Choudhuri; V Nangia; A Dhala; A Bhatia; I Niazi; J Sra; A J Tajik Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2017-08-30 Impact factor: 5.095