G A Angarita1, S V Canavan2, E Forselius2, A Bessette2, B Pittman3, P T Morgan2. 1. Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, United States. Electronic address: Gustavo.angarita@yale.edu. 2. Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, United States. 3. Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Former sleep studies among non-treatment seeking chronic cocaine users had captured polysomnographic changes for as long as three weeks of abstinence. METHODS: 20 cocaine dependent participants, randomized toplacebo in an ongoing clinical trial, received 12 days of inpatient substance abuse treatment followed by 6 weeks of outpatient cognitive behavioral therapy. Polysomnographic recording was performed on consecutive nights during the 1st and 2nd inpatient and 3rd and 6th outpatient weeks. Number of days abstinent was determined from thrice weekly urine toxicology and self-report. Polysomnographic sleep was compared between study week 1 and 2, using paired t-tests. Trajectory of total sleep time (TST) was modeled both as a linear and a quadratic function of days abstinent. RESULTS: Despite reporting an improvement in overall sleep quality, polysomnographic sleep worsened from week 1 to 2. Among all participants, TST and stage 2 sleep time decreased, while REM sleep latency increased. Among participants who began the study with a positive urine test, there was also a decrease in REM and a trend for decreased slow wave sleep. TST compared to number of days abstinent (up to 54 days) was best fit with a quadratic model (p=0.002), suggesting the possibility of an improvement in total sleep time with extended abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first polysomnographic characterization of sleep in a large sample of cocaine users in treatment. Present findings confirm earlier results of poor and deteriorating sleep early in abstinence, and raise the possibility of improvement after an extended abstinence.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Former sleep studies among non-treatment seeking chronic cocaine users had captured polysomnographic changes for as long as three weeks of abstinence. METHODS: 20 cocaine dependent participants, randomized to placebo in an ongoing clinical trial, received 12 days of inpatient substance abuse treatment followed by 6 weeks of outpatient cognitive behavioral therapy. Polysomnographic recording was performed on consecutive nights during the 1st and 2nd inpatient and 3rd and 6th outpatient weeks. Number of days abstinent was determined from thrice weekly urine toxicology and self-report. Polysomnographic sleep was compared between study week 1 and 2, using paired t-tests. Trajectory of total sleep time (TST) was modeled both as a linear and a quadratic function of days abstinent. RESULTS: Despite reporting an improvement in overall sleep quality, polysomnographic sleep worsened from week 1 to 2. Among all participants, TST and stage 2 sleep time decreased, while REM sleep latency increased. Among participants who began the study with a positive urine test, there was also a decrease in REM and a trend for decreased slow wave sleep. TST compared to number of days abstinent (up to 54 days) was best fit with a quadratic model (p=0.002), suggesting the possibility of an improvement in total sleep time with extended abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first polysomnographic characterization of sleep in a large sample of cocaine users in treatment. Present findings confirm earlier results of poor and deteriorating sleep early in abstinence, and raise the possibility of improvement after an extended abstinence.
Authors: Ritchie E Brown; Radhika Basheer; James T McKenna; Robert E Strecker; Robert W McCarley Journal: Physiol Rev Date: 2012-07 Impact factor: 37.312
Authors: K M Kampman; A I Alterman; J R Volpicelli; I Maany; E S Muller; D D Luce; E M Mulholland; A F Jawad; G A Parikh; F D Mulvaney; R M Weinrieb; C P O'Brien Journal: Psychol Addict Behav Date: 2001-03
Authors: Peter W Kalivas; Krista McFarland; Scott Bowers; Karer Szumlinski; Zheng-Xiong Xi; David Baker Journal: Ann N Y Acad Sci Date: 2003-11 Impact factor: 5.691
Authors: Gustavo A Angarita; Sofija V Canavan; Erica Forselius; Andrew Bessette; Peter T Morgan Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2014-07-30 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Robrina Walker; Thomas F Northrup; John Tillitski; Ira Bernstein; Tracy L Greer; Madhukar H Trivedi Journal: Subst Use Misuse Date: 2019-01-18 Impact factor: 2.164
Authors: Morgan H James; Jennifer E Fragale; Shayna L O'Connor; Benjamin A Zimmer; Gary Aston-Jones Journal: Neuropharmacology Date: 2020-10-19 Impact factor: 5.250
Authors: Peter T Morgan; Gustavo A Angarita; Sofija Canavan; Brian Pittman; Lindsay Oberleitner; Robert T Malison; Vahid Mohsenin; Sarah Hodges; Caroline Easton; Sherry McKee; Andrew Bessette; Erica Forselius Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2016-01-08 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Jennifer A Cortes; Gustavo Gomez; Carol Ehnerd; Kate Gurnsey; Jessica Nicolazzo; Charles W Bradberry; Hank P Jedema Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2016-04-18 Impact factor: 4.492