Determination of the light pathlength elongation in leaves by measuring P700 quantitatively.

P700 absorption change signals were measured at 800 nm for plant leaves and plant leaf extracts by illuminating with far-red light. The ratio of the signal amplitudes for the two sample types shows the degree of optical signal intensification. The intensification is due to optical path-length elongation, itself caused by scattering. The intensification was found to be between 6 and 15 for different leaves. For spinach leaves, the intensification varied less than 10% among samples. By replacing the air in the spongy layer of a leaf with an isotonic solution it was shown that nearly half of the intensification is due to the scattering at air-tissue interfaces. The comparison of the P700 signals of a leaf with its extract would seem to be a new technique for determining the optical scattering effects of leaves.