Michelle Lubetzky1, Yi Bao, Pilib O Broin, Kwaku Marfo, Maria Ajaimy, Aws Aljanabi, Graciela de Boccardo, Aaron Golden, Enver Akalin. 1. 1 Montefiore-Einstein Center for Transplantation, Montefiore Medical Center, The University Hospital for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. 2 Renal Division, Montefiore Medical Center, The University Hospital for, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. 3 Department of Genetics, Division of Computational Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. 4 Address correspondence to: Enver Akalin, M.D., Montefiore Einstein Center for Transplantation, Montefiore Medical Center, The University Hospital for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate global gene expression profiles of BK viremia and nephropathy (BKVN) samples using microarrays to investigate the immunologic response to BK virus. METHODS: Patients were monitored for BK viremia in the blood monthly for 6 months, then at 9 and 12 months after kidney transplantation. BKVN and normal transplant kidney biopsy samples, and whole blood samples of patients with and without BK viremia were analyzed by Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Arrays. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 917±325 days, 61 of the 289 patients (21%) developed BK viremia at a median 149 (27, 1,113) days after transplantation with a median peak PCR titers of 35,900 (1,000, 2,677,000). The only significant risk factor for development of BK viremia was induction with anti-thymocyte globulin (P=0.03). Only four patients developed BKVN (1.3%). Pathogenesis-based transcript analysis revealed a significant increased expression of interferon-gamma and rejection induced (GRIT), quantitative cytotoxic T-cell (QCAT), quantitative constitutive and alternate macrophage, B-cell and natural killer cell-associated transcripts (NKAT), indicating an active inflammatory immune response in BKVN biopsies (n=3) compared to normal transplant kidney biopsies with (n=3) and without BK viremia (n=11). The whole blood gene expression profiles of 19 BK viremia patients revealed significant increased expression of GRIT, QCAT, and NKAT compared to 14 patients without viremia. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed increased activity of cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells in BKVN and viremia samples resembling acute rejection and suggested the involvement of both adaptive and innate immunity.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate global gene expression profiles of BK viremia and nephropathy (BKVN) samples using microarrays to investigate the immunologic response to BK virus. METHODS:Patients were monitored for BK viremia in the blood monthly for 6 months, then at 9 and 12 months after kidney transplantation. BKVN and normal transplant kidney biopsy samples, and whole blood samples of patients with and without BK viremia were analyzed by Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Arrays. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 917±325 days, 61 of the 289 patients (21%) developed BK viremia at a median 149 (27, 1,113) days after transplantation with a median peak PCR titers of 35,900 (1,000, 2,677,000). The only significant risk factor for development of BK viremia was induction with anti-thymocyte globulin (P=0.03). Only four patients developed BKVN (1.3%). Pathogenesis-based transcript analysis revealed a significant increased expression of interferon-gamma and rejection induced (GRIT), quantitative cytotoxic T-cell (QCAT), quantitative constitutive and alternate macrophage, B-cell and natural killer cell-associated transcripts (NKAT), indicating an active inflammatory immune response in BKVN biopsies (n=3) compared to normal transplant kidney biopsies with (n=3) and without BK viremia (n=11). The whole blood gene expression profiles of 19 BK viremiapatients revealed significant increased expression of GRIT, QCAT, and NKAT compared to 14 patients without viremia. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed increased activity of cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells in BKVN and viremia samples resembling acute rejection and suggested the involvement of both adaptive and innate immunity.
Authors: Timothy E Sweeney; Winston A Haynes; Francesco Vallania; John P Ioannidis; Purvesh Khatri Journal: Nucleic Acids Res Date: 2016-09-14 Impact factor: 16.971
Authors: Joanna M Schaenman; Yael Korin; Tiffany Sidwell; Fadi Kandarian; Nicholas Harre; David Gjertson; Erik L Lum; Uttam Reddy; Edmund Huang; Phuong T Pham; Suphamai Bunnapradist; Gabriel M Danovitch; Jefferey Veale; H Albin Gritsch; Elaine F Reed Journal: Transplantation Date: 2017-06 Impact factor: 5.385
Authors: Darlene Vigil; Nikifor K Konstantinov; Marc Barry; Antonia M Harford; Karen S Servilla; Young Ho Kim; Yijuan Sun; Kavitha Ganta; Antonios H Tzamaloukas Journal: World J Transplant Date: 2016-09-24