Occurrence of species of the genus Pityophthorus Eichhoff (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Twig beetles in the genus Pityophthorus Eichhoff, 1864 include more than 300 species worldwide, with maximum diversity in tropical and subtropical regions. To date, approximately 50 species of Pityophthorus have been recorded in Canada, and these species are associated mainly with coniferous trees. Since 1981, no comprehensive study on this difficult taxonomic group has been conducted in Quebec, Canada, most likely due to their limited significance as forest pests. Based on data gathered from five years of field sampling in conifer seed orchards and compiled from various entomological collections, the distribution of Pityophthorus species in Quebec is presented. Approximately 291 new localities were recorded for the Pityophthorus species. Five species-group taxa, namely Pityophthorus puberulus (LeConte, 1868), Pityophthorus pulchellus pulchellus Eichhoff, 1869, Pityophthorus pulicarius (Zimmermann, 1868), Pityophthorus nitidus Swaine, 1917,and Pityophthorus cariniceps LeConte&Horn, 1876 were the most widespread. In contrast, Pityophthorus consimilis LeConte, 1878, Pityophthorus intextus Swaine, 1917, Pityophthorus dentifrons Blackman, 1922, Pityophthorus ramiperda Swaine, 1917, and Pityophthorus concavus Blackman, 1928 display a notably limited distribution. In addition, the first distribution records of Pityophthorus intextus and Pityophthorus biovalis Blackman, 1922 are furnished, and the subspecies Pityophthorus murrayanae murrayanae Blackman, 1922is reported from Quebec for the second time. Moreover, distribution maps are provided for all Pityophthorus species recorded in the province of Quebec.

Introduction

Twig beetles in the genus Eichhoff, 1864 include approximately 386 species distributed worldwide (Bright 1981; Bright and Skidmore 1997, 2002; Wood and Bright 1992) with 218 species found in North and Central America (Bright 1981; Wood 1982), and approximately 55 other species found in South America (Wood 2007). More than 70 % of the world fauna is distributed in North, Central, and South America. Wood (2007) notes that the genus has an American origin and displays its maximum diversity in subtropical and tropical areas. A vast majority of the North and Central American species of this genus breed in twigs of coniferous trees (Bright 1981; Wood 1982), whereas the South American species breed predominantly in deciduous trees (Wood 2007).

Excluding the taxonomic works, twig beetles have received little attention from the scientific community and forest managers simply because these organisms generally colonize declining trees or tree parts. They are often found in thin-barked parts of stressed or weakened trees, and they are rarely associated with extensive epidemics in forest ecosystems (Furniss and Carolin 1977). Nevertheless, some reports have indicated that several species may become problematic and cause medium to severe damage in coniferous plantations (Rappaport and Wood 1994; Stevens et al. 1979). Furthermore, twig beetles may vector pathogenic fungi. For example, pitch canker disease of Monterey pine, D. Don, is caused by wounding and transmission of a fungal pathogen to twigs during feeding by a complex of sp. in California (Dallara 1997; Hoover et al. 1996; Sakamoto et al. 2007). In a Monterey pine plantation in Spain, approximately 25 % of the analyzed population of (Marsham) was responsible for carrying the spores of Nirenberg and O’Donnell, which is the fungus that causes pitch canker disease (Romón et al. 2007). More recently, Kolařik et al. (2011) reported that another species, the walnut twig beetle, Blackman, is an important vector of the fungus (M. Kolařik, E. Freeland, C. Utley and Tisserat 2011). This complex causes thousand cankers disease, which is a serious necrosis of the phloem of walnut trees, sp., in the United States (Seybold et al. 2013). The walnut twig beetle has expanded its range considerably in the U.S. (Cranshaw 2011; Seybold et al. 2012), which may explain the recent attention that the disease has attracted from the forest management community (Seybold et al. 2013).

The species of the genus are difficult to identify with morphological techniques. Both sexes are often required for accurate identification at the species level (Bright 1981; Wood 1982, 2007). Taxonomic revisions of this genusin North America have been published by LeConte and Horn (1876), Swaine (1918), and Blackman (1928). Wood (1978) placed the genus into the Corthylini and the PageBreakPityophthorina (subtribe). The are closely related to Eichhoff, 1872 whose species are found mainly in Mexico, Central, and South America (Wood 2007; Wood and Bright 1987, 1992). A major contribution to the knowledge of the was provided by Bright (1981), who published a taxonomic monograph in which more than 220 species from Central and North America were described and classified.

In Canada, approximately 50 species of have been recorded (Bright 1968; Bright 1971, 1976, 1981; Bright and Skidmore 1991, 1997, 2002; Bright et al. 1994; Wood and Bright 1987, 1992). In the province of Quebec, Canada, 17 species have been reported (Bright 1976, 1981; Bright and Skidmore 1997, 2002; Laplante et al. 1991; McNamara 1991; MRNQ 2008). However, no comprehensive and up-to-date study has been performed on the genus in Quebec since the publications of D.E. Bright.

The purpose of this article is to update the distribution of all recorded species in the province of Quebec, Canada. The species records are based on data collected from several entomological collections and on our own field-trapping data obtained during the last five years (2008–2012). A study of the distribution of species is highly important, particularly in ecological and biological studies on different species and for further taxonomic revisions of this difficult bark beetle group. This study also provides background information for researchers working with exotic forest insects and for forest managers.

Methods and conventions

This article is based on data obtained from specimens collected exclusively in the province of Quebec, Canada. Two different sources of data were used: field captures performed between 2008 and 2012 and a survey of public and private entomological collections.

Field collection methods. The field data included in this article were collected over a period of five years (2008–2012) from trapping activities conducted in six different seed orchards scattered from west to east over diverse types of landscapes in the province of Quebec (Table 1). These seed orchards are composed mainly of white pine, L., but also contain specimens of red pine, Ait. and jack pine, Lamb., as well as white spruce, (Moench) Voss, red spruce, Sargent, and black spruce, Miller, Briton, Sterns & Poggenburg.

Table 1.

The sampled seed orchards with their corresponding area in hectares, their geographic coordinates and the nearest locality.

Seed orchard	Nearest locality	Geographic coordinates (decimal degrees)	Area (ha)
Huddersfield	Fort-Coulonge	45.9215; -76.6219	9.7
Dorion	Lac Cayamant	46.0459; -76.2828	6.6
Verchères	Saint-Amable	45.6773; -73.3303	5.5
Cleveland	Saint-Claude	45.6764; -71.9954	2.5
Aubin-de-l’Isle	Saint-Simon-les-Mines	46.2089; -70.6780	4.5
Cap-Tourmente	Cap-Tourmente	47.0680; -70.8076	2.8

Two types of trapping techniques were used in the study sites. The first trapping technique employed “Yellow Japanese Beetle” (YJB) traps (Trécé Inc., Adair, Oklahoma, United States) equipped with 500-ml Mason® jars. Each jar was filled with 50 ml of propylene glycol to kill and preserve the trapped insects. The YJB traps were baited with a polyethylene “bubble cap” release device (Contech Enterprises Inc., Delta, British Columbia, Canada) that contained (±) trans-pityol (release rate of 0.2 mg/day). Pityol is an aggregation pheromone component of several species (Brauner and De Groot 2007; Dallara et al. 2000; De Groot and De Barr 2000; Francke et al. 1987; López et al. 2011). The population monitoring of species in the six seed orchards was performed starting in 2008 and ending in 2012. PageBreakThe biological material was collected with an average frequency of twice a month from mid-April to the end of September.

A second trapping technique was used to increase the chance of capture of other specimens that may not respond to synthetic pityol alone as an attractant. Twelve-unit Lindgren funnel traps were used to monitor populations in three of the six previously mentioned seed orchards, namely Verchères, Huddersfield and Cleveland (Table 1). The Lindgren traps were placed at a density of approximately three traps per hectare and were baited with (±) trans-pityol and UHR ethanol (200 mg/day, Synergy Semiochemicals Corp., Burnaby, British Columbia). Ethanol is an attractant for large number of bark and ambrosia beetles (Miller and Rabaglia 2009). Lindgren traps were equipped with plastic trap cups filled with 50 ml of propylene glycol. The cups were emptied at the same frequency as described in the previous trapping technique. The field-collected specimens were preserved in 70  % ethanol and subsequently mounted and pinned. All of the captured specimens originating from field trapping are preserved in the INRS-Institute Armand-Frappier (INRS-IAF) entomological collection. The species identification was performed according to morphological criteria by using a Discovery V-20 stereomicroscope (Carl Zeiss Canada Ltd.) equipped with an ICc3 video camera. Pictures of the identified and unidentified species are available at the following web address: www.profs.inrs.ca/cguertin/ZOOKEYS_2013/MENU.html

The field data were complemented with information gathered from six public and two private entomological collections. In this article, the following acronyms are used for the public entomological collections:

CNC Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada;

MRNQ Ministère des Ressources Naturelles du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada;

LFRC Natural Resources Canada, Laurentian Forestry Research Center, René-Martineau Insectarium, Québec, QC, Canada;

ECLU Entomological Collection, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada;

LEMU Lyman Entomological Collection, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

ROUM Robert-Ouellet Entomological Collection, Montreal University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

The acronyms used for the private entomological collections are the following:

CCC Claude Chantal’s Collection, Varennes, QC, Canada

CLC Claire Lévesque’s Collection, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada

The following two additional acronyms are also employed in this article:

SLWC S.L. Wood entomological collection. Although this collection was not directly examined, some Eichhoff specimens captured in the province of Quebec are deposited there. Even though the specimens have not been examined, these are included in the article as reliable records that were published by Bright (1981).

INRS-IAF Entomological collection of the INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada. All specimens collected during the field trapping activities are deposited in this collection.

Approximately 50 % of the specimens analyzed in this study belong to MRNQ entomological collection. In general, to capture bark beetle specimens, the “Ministère des Ressources naturelles du Québec” (MRNQ) uses permanent sampling stations dispersed in all representative types of forest ecosystems and landscapes across the province of Quebec.

Other conventions and symbols. The distribution record for each of the species mentioned in this article is displayed using the following sequences: 1. Name of the locality where the specimen was captured. In some cases, instead of the name of the locality, the historic territorial administrative name may appear (e.g., “Township”), because no locality name has been assigned to the sampling area. 2. Name of the Regional County Municipality (RCM) to which the cited locality belongs. Regional County Municipalities have delineated the province of Quebec territory since 1979. Many localities in Quebec that are situated in different geographic areas have received the same name. To avoid any confusion relative to the locality names, the corresponding RCM is included. 3. Date of capture. If the capture date is missing or it is unreadable on the label, a question mark is included. 4. Number of examined specimens and the acronym of the entomological collection to which they belong. These data are included within parentheses and separated by a coma. 5. Name of host tree species, displayed in italics. In some cases, the host tree data are missing.

The five abovementioned sequences are separated by comas. Locality records are separated by semicolons (;). If a species was recorded many times in the same locality, the various dates of capture are separated by a slash symbol ( / ). For each mentioned species, the distribution data are presented in a manner that previous literature records are separated from the new records to highlight the originality of the article. The general distribution of each species in Canada is presented at the end of each species record. The following abbreviations were used for the provinces and territories: YT-Yukon Territory, NT-Northwest Territories, NU-Nunavut, BC-British Columbia, AB-Alberta, SK-Saskatchewan, MB-Manitoba, ON-Ontario, QC-Quebec, NB-New Brunswick, PE-Prince Edward Island, NS-Nova Scotia, and NF & LB-Newfoundland and Labrador. The distribution records of all species in Canada are presented PageBreakaccording to Bright (1981), McNamara (1991), Wood and Bright (1992), and Bright and Skidmore (1997). The distribution of each species was mapped by using the ARCGIS and ARCMAP software starting from an EXCEL database, which is available at the following web link: www.profs.inrs.ca/cguertin/ZOOKEYS_2013/MENU.html

Results

To date, the following 17 species have been recorded in the province of Quebec, Canada:

Eichhoff, 1872

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_lautus

Fig. 7

Figure 7.

Map of Pityophthorus balsameus Blackman, Pityophthorus dentifrons Blackman and Pityophthorus lautus Eichhoff records in Quebec, Canada.

Records from Bright (1981).

Aylmer, Communauté-Urbaine-de-l’Outaouais, 14-VIII-1920, (3, CNC); Wakefield, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 11-V-1951, (19, SLWC), ; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montréal, ?, (10, CNC) / 2 individuals who supposedly originated from the same samples were found at LEMU and display an unreadable label.

New records.

Montréal, 14-V-1936, (9, ECLU); Mont Saint-Hilaire, La-Vallée-du-Richelieu, ?, (1, LFRC), Mont Saint-Bruno, La-Vallée-du-Richelieu, ?, (1, LFRC).

Distribution in Canada.

NT, ON, QC, NB, NS.

(Zimmermann, 1868)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_pulicarius

Fig. 3

Figure 3.

Map of Pityophthorus pulicarius (Zimmermann) records in Quebec, Canada.

Chelsea, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 20-VI-1917, (6, CNC); Grand-Remous, La-Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 17-VIII-1978, (2, LFRC), ; Wychwood, Communauté-Urbaine-de-l’Outaouais,21-VI-1917, (2, CNC); Pointe à David, La-Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 2-VI-1975, (1, LFRC), ; Lac Louvicourt, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 1-IX-1978, (2, LFRC), ; Moffet, Témiscamingue, 16-VIII-1978, (2, LFRC), ; Rivière-aux-Rats, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 14-VII-1978, (1, LFRC), ; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montréal, ?, (1, CNC).

Chute-Saint-Philippe, Antoine-Labelle, 22-VIII-1990, (1, MRNQ), / 11-IX-1990, (3, MRNQ), ; Chemin du Lac Petawaga, Antoine-Labelle, 3-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; L’Annonciation, Antoine-Labelle, 30-VI-1985, (3, MRNQ), ; Lac Landron, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 5-VI-1982, (2, MRNQ), ; Baie Mercier, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 16-VIII-1979, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Pageot, Pontiac, 12-VII-1983, (1, MRNQ), ; Vinton, Pontiac, 31-V-2011, (1, MRNQ), ; Chemin du Lac de l’Épine, La Vallée-de-l’Or, 8-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Quentin, La Vallée-de-l’Or, 31-VII-1982, (5, MRNQ), ; Mont Saint-Michel, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 6-VII-2011, (1, MRNQ), ; Notre-Dame-du-Nord, Témiscamingue, 16-VII-1985, (2, MRNQ), ; Guérin, Témiscamingue, 31-VI-1982, (1, PageBreakMRNQ), ; Lac Bend, Témiscamingue, 21-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Latulipe, Témiscamingue, 24-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Nodier, Témiscamingue, 16-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac des Seize, Témiscamingue, 13-VII-1983, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues, Témiscamingue, 22-VII-2005, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac à Bédard, Témiscamingue, 22-VII-1986, (1, MRNQ), ; Cloutier, Rouyn-Noranda, 29-VII-1981, (2, MRNQ); ; Lac Bruyère, Rouyn-Noranda, 20-VI-1983, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Lavoie, Rouyn-Noranda, 15-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac McWatters, Rouyn-Noranda, 17-VII-1984, (2, MRNQ), ; La Morandière, Abitibi, 13-VII-1984, (2, MRNQ), ; Villemontel, Abitibi, 6-VII-1983, (4, LFRC), ; Lac Macamic, Abitibi Ouest, 26-VI-1984, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Dominique, Abitibi Ouest, 14-VII-2011, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Georges, Le Centre-de-la-Mauricie, 22-VII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Saint-Antoine-Abbé, Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, 22-V-2002, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Polycarpe, Vaudreuil-Soulange, 5-VII-2002, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Wet, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 13-VIII-1992, (1, MRNQ), ; Lefebvre, Drummond, 28-V-1999, (4, MRNQ), ; Lac Roméo, Jamésie, 20-VI-1981, (1, MRNQ), .

SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS.

Swaine, 1917

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_nitidus

Fig. 4

Figure 4.

Map of Pityophthorus nitidus Swaine records in Quebec, Canada.

Tullochgorum, Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, 20-IX-1910, (2, CNC); Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montreal, ?, (2, CNC); Saint-Gabriel-de-Rimouski, La Mitis, 8-VII-1970, (6, CCC), .

Les Étroits, Témiscouata, 24-VII-1986, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Éleuthère, Témiscouata, 2-VIII-1984, (11, MRNQ), / 1-VIII-1984, (2, MRNQ), / 17-VIII-1989, (3, MRNQ); Estcourt, Témiscouata, 1-VIII-1984, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Nadreau, La Côte-de-Beaupré, 9-VIII-1989, (16, MRNQ), / 31-VII-1990, (16, MRNQ), ; Saint-Alphonse-de-Caplan, Bonaventure, 8-IX-1989, (1, MRNQ); Saint-Elzéar, Bonaventure, 27-VI-1984, (5, MRNQ), ; Lac du Curé, Bonaventure, 17-VI-1996, (4, MRNQ); Rivington, Argenteuil, 1-IX-1992, (10, MRNQ), ; Kinnear’s Mills, Les Appalaches, 26-VIII-1993, (9, MRNQ), / 10-IX-1993, (3, MRNQ), ; Sacré-Cœur-de-Marie, Les Appalaches, 5-VIII-1981, (5, MRNQ), ; Routhierville, La Matapédia, 31-VII-1996, (8,MRNQ), ; Saint-Paul-de-Montminy, Montmagny, 24-VII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Saint-Joseph-de-Ham, Les Sources, 21-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Les Éboulements, Charlevoix, 4-VI-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Hilarion, Charlevoix, 8-VIII-1990, (1, MRNQ), ; Petite-Rivière-Saint-François, Charlevoix, 19-VIII-1985, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Rivard, Maria-Chapdelaine, 20-VII-2011, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac des Trois Élans, Maria-Chapdelaine, 1-VIII-2001, (1, MRNQ), ; Pointe-Lebel, Manicouagan, 7-VIII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Sainte-Eulalie, Nicolet-Yamaska, 11-IX-1984, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Thomas-de-Cherbourg, Matane, 9-VIII-1979, (2, MRNQ), ; Ruisseau Ernest, Antoine-Labelle, 6-VI-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Scotstown, Le Haut-Saint-François, 26-VIII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Saint-Félix-d’Otis, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 24-IX-1984, (6, MRNQ), ; Réservoir Baskatong, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 26-VI-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Île d’Anticosti, Minganie, 12-VI-1973, (4, CCC); Longue-Pointe-de-Mingan, Minganie, 25-VII-1980, (2, CCC); Sept-Îles, Sept-Rivières, 1-VIII-1982, (2, CCC), / 13-VI-1984, (1, CCC) / 8-VI-1985, (71, CCC) / 27-VII-1985, (1, CCC) / 3-VIII-1985, (30, CCC), / 24-V-1986, (5, CCC) / 6-VII-1986, (2, CCC) / 5-VIII-1986, (1, CCC) / 29-V-1987, (5, CCC) / 1-VI-1987, (1, CCC) / 7-VI-1987, (1, CCC) / 9-VII-1987, (2, CCC) / 16-VI-1988, (5, CCC) / 12-VII-1988, (1, CCC) / 2-VI-1990, (58, CCC) / 26-VII-1990, (1, CCC) / 23-VIII-1990, (16, CCC) / 10-VI-1991, (1, CCC) / 17-VII-1991, (11, CCC) / 20-VII-1991, (10, CCC) / 30-VII-1991, (1, CCC) / 6-VIII-1991, (4, CCC) / 9-VIII-1992, (4, CCC).

NT, YT, AB, BC, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF & LB.

Swaine, 1917

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_intextus

Fig. 9

Figure 9.

Map of Pityophthorus carinatus carinatus Bright, Pityophthorus intextus Swaine and Pityophthorus ramiperda Swaine records in Quebec, Canada.

Saint-Hilarion, Charlevoix, 8-VIII-1990, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Fourcet, Antoine-Labelle, 9-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Hérménégilde, Coaticook, 5-VII-1985, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac PoutrincourtPageBreak, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 25-VII-2007, (1, MRNQ), ; Sept-Îles, Sept-Rivières, 13-VII-1987, (1, CCC) / 16-VI-1988, (1, CCC).

BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF & LB.

Eichhoff, 1869

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_pulchellus_pulchellus

Fig. 2

Figure 2.

Map of Pityophthorus pulchellus pulchellus Eichhoff records in Quebec, Canada.

Kazabazua, La-Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 13-XII-1917, (5, CNC), ; Lac Saint-Jean, Lac Saint-Jean E, ?, (6, LFRC), ; Sainte-Anne-du-Lac (Zec Mitchinamécus), Antoine-Labelle, 4-VII-1978, (48, LFRC), .

Records from Paquin and Dupérré (2001).

Jamésie, 14-IX-1997, (1, LEMU), .

Sainte-Françoise, Bécancour, 18-VI-1986, (4, MRNQ), ; Colombier (Serres), La Haute-Côte-Nord, 16-VII-1986, (2, MRNQ), ; Les Escoumins, La Haute-Côte-Nord, 6-VI-1984, (1, CCC); Saint-Ambroise, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 6-VII-1992, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac du Grand Détour, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 20-VII-2011, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-David-de-Falardeau, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 9-VII-1996, (1, MRNQ), ; Sept-Îles, Sept-Rivières, 8-VI-1985, (4, CCC) / 16-V-1986, (3, CCC) / 6-VII-1986 (1, CCC) / 29-V-1987, (1, CCC) / 17-VI-1987, (1, CCC) / 25-VI-1987, (2, CCC) / 13-VII-1987, (15, CCC) / 12-VI-1988, (3, CCC) / 21-VI-1988, (7, CCC) / 4-VII-1988, (3, CCC) / 19-V-1989, (1, CCC) / 9-VI-1989, (1, CCC) / 27-V-1990, (7, CCC) / 2-VI-1990, (99, CCC) / 26-VII-1990, (1, CCC) / 27-VIII-1990PageBreak, (3, CCC) / 29-V-1991, (22, CCC) / 12-VIII-1991, (1, CCC) / 22-V-1992, (2, CCC); Lac Saint-Ludger, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 18-VII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ;Ruisseau du Pont, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 31-VII-1984, (10, MRNQ), ; Notre-Dame-du-Rosaire, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 1-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Fourcet, Antoine-Labelle, 9-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Chute-Saint-Philippe, Antoine-Labelle, 16-VI-1995, (4, MRNQ), ; Landrienne, Abitibi, 15-VII-1987, (2, MRNQ), ; Authier Nord, Abitibi Ouest, 13-VII-1979, (1, MRNQ), ; La Morandière, Abitibi, 11-VII-1984, (9, MRNQ), ; Guyenne Township, Abitibi, 16-VIII-1983, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Castagnier, Abitibi, 9-IX-1986, (3, MRNQ), ; Villemontel, Abitibi, 31-VIII-1983, (80, LFRC), ; Lac Dubois, Témiscamingue, 21-VIII-1986, (1, MRNQ), ; Lorainville, Témiscamigue, 4-VI-1981, (51, MRNQ), ; Lac Nodier, Témiscamingue, 4-VIII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Cloutier, Rouyn-Noranda, 30-VII-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Lac Surimau, Rouyn-Noranda, 11-VIII-1982, (5, MRNQ), ; Rapide-Deux, Rouyn-Noranda, 6-VI-1983, (1, MRNQ), ;Lac Charles, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 17-VII-1987, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Wet, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 13-VIII-1992, (15, MRNQ), ; Lac Gosselin, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 1-VIII-1981, (6, MRNQ), ; Lac Louvicourt, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 6-IX-1984, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Tremblay, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 27-VII-2011, (1, MRNQ), ; Rivière Mégiscane, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 12-VI-1981, (5, MRNQ), ; Lac Faillon, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 16-VI-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Villebon, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 6-VI-1981, (4, MRNQ), / 2-IX-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Lac Fournière, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 4-VIII-1981, (3, MRNQ), / 7-VIII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Lac Prospère, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 22-VIII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Lac Palouse, La-Vallée-de-l’Or, 9-VI-1983, (26, MRNQ), ; Pointe-Lebel Airport, Manicouagan, 17-VIII-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Pistuacanis, Manicouagan, 18-VII-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Rivière Betsiamites, Manicouagan, 5-VIII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Saint-Pierre, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 17-VI-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Saint-Félicien, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 26-V-2006, (5, MRNQ), ; Lac Beemer, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 18-VII-2007, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Mignault, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 15-IX-2005, (1, MRNQ), sp.; Rivière Désert, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 12-VII-1984, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Rond, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 22-VI-1983, (52, MRNQ), ; Lac des Outaouais, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 18-VIII-1981, (6, MRNQ), ; Lac Mosher, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 26-VII-1983, (9, MRNQ), ; Lac Danford, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 16-VIII-1980, (3, MRNQ), / 13-IX-1983, (3, MRNQ), ; Kazabazua, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 13-XII-1971, (4, MRNQ), / 28-V-1984 (7, MRNQ), ; Lac Dickson, Pontiac, 16-VII-1992, (1, MRNQ)PageBreak, ; Lac Nigault, Pontiac, 29-VIII-1994, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Charrette, Pontiac, 5-VIII-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Bas-de-l’Anse, Charlevoix-Est, 18-VI-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Port au Saumon, Charlevoix-Est, 23-VII-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Sébastien-de-Frontenac, Le Granit, 16-VII-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Lac Rivaille, Maria-Chapdelaine, 28-VIII-2008, (6, MRNQ), ; Bromptonville, Sherbrooke, 31-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Winsch, Jamésie, 12-VIII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Les Étroits, Témiscouata, 24-VII-1986, (3, MRNQ), .

YT, NT, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB.

LeConte & Horn, 1876

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_cariniceps

Fig. 5

Figure 5.

Map of Pityophthorus cariniceps LeConte & Horn recordsin Quebec, Canada.

Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montréal, 17-VIII-1910, (1, CNC), sp.; L’Île Perrot, Vaudreuil-Soulanges, various dates, (42, CNC) / 4 specimens supposedly originating from the same samples were found at LEMU, sp.; Old Chelsea, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 23-VI-1966, (14, CNC), ; Wychwood, Communauté-Urbaine-de-l’Outaouais, 2-VI-1917, (5, CNC), .

Ways-Mills, Coaticoock, 13-V-1988, (1, MRNQ), ; Beebe Plain, Memphrémagog, 5-VI-1989, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Aimé-des-Lacs, Charlevoix-Est, 26-VI-1992, (4, MRNQ), ; Shawville, Pontiac, 9-V-2001, (3, MRNQ), ; Lac Hickey, Pontiac, 14-V-2007, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Prendergast, Pontiac, 25-V-1981, (1, MRNQ), PageBreak; Thorne Centre, Pontiac, 26-V-2003, (2, MRNQ), ; Baie du Chat, Pontiac, 5-VII-1981, (5, MRNQ), ; Fort Coulonge, Pontiac, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (124, INRS-IAF), ; Lac Cayamant, Pontiac, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (22, INRS-IAF), ; Lac Ruthledge, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 18-VII-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Sainte-Cécile-de-Masham, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 31-VII-1972, (10, LFRC), ; Saint-Charles-de-Mandeville, D’Autray, 13-VII-1981, (5, MRNQ), ; Saint-Zéphirin, Nicolet-Yamaska, 29-VI-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Les Éboulements, Charlevoix, 4-VI-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Camp l’Oasis, Portneuf, 12-VI-1980, (1, MRNQ), ; Island Brook, Les Haut-Saint-François, 30-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Cookshire, Le Haut-Saint-François, 26-IV-2002, (2, MRNQ), ; Lemieux, Bécancour, 27-VII-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Zec Chauvin, La Haute-Côte-Nord, 13-IV-1983, (5, MRNQ), / 8-VI-1983, (2, MRNQ), ; Mont-Saint-Hilaire, La-Vallée-du-Richelieu, 24-V-1916, (1, LEMU), ; Oka, Deux-Montagnes, 5-VII-1978, (1, CCC), ; Saint-Amable, Marguerite-D’Youville, 11-V-1999, (3, MRNQ), / various dates in the period 2008-2012, (1051, INRS-IAF), ; Saint-Claude, Le-Val-Saint-François, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (85, INRS-IAF), ; Saint-Simon-les-Mines, Beauce-Sartigan, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (93, INRS-IAF), ; Cap-Tourmente, La Côte-de-Beaupré, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (178, INRS-IAF), ; Sept-Îles, Sept-Rivières, 8-VI-1985, (1, CCC) / 12-VII-1986, (1, CCC) / 13-VI-1987, (1, CCC) / 10-VII-1987, (1, CCC) / 18-VI-1988, (1, CCC) / 21-VI-1988, (1, CCC) / 4-VII-1988, (2, CCC) / 27-V-1990, (1, CCC) / 29-V-1991, (3, CCC) / 29-VII-1991, (1, CCC); Lac Ramsay, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 18-V-2009, (1, CCC); Johnville, Compton, 13-V-1987 (1, CLC) / 17-V-1987 (2, CLC) / 20-V-1987 (1, CLC) / 22-V-1988 (1, CLC) / 17-V-1989 (3, CLC) / 21-V-1989 (1, CLC) / 22-X-1989 (1, CLC).

AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS.

Blackman, 1922

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_biovalis

Fig. 6

Figure 6.

Map of Pityophthorus biovalis Blackman and Pityophthorus briscoei Blackman records in Quebec, Canada.

L’Annonciation, Antoine-Labelle, 20-VII-1992, (4, MRNQ), ; Saint-Philémon, Bellechasse, 29-V-1981, (4, MRNQ), / 20-VII-1981, (5, MRNQ), ; Lac du Port au Saumon, Charlevoix-Est, 23-VII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Saint-Claude, Le Val-Saint-François, 20-VII-1992, (5, MRNQ), / 28-VII-2008, (2, INRS-IAF), / 9-VI-2011, (5, INRS-IAF), ; Quatre-Chemins, Les Pays-d’en-Haut, 18-V-1993, (4, MRNQ), ; Woburn, Le Granit, 9-VII-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Cayamant, La-Vallée-de-la-Gatineau,15-VII-2009, (1, INRS-IAF), Dosquet, Lotbinière, 20-V-1972, (1, CCC); Saguenay, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 6-VIII-1984, (1, CCC), .

ON, QC, NS.

Bright, 1978

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_carinatus_carinatus

Fig. 9

Record from Bright (1981):

Sainte-Anne-du-Lac, Antoine-Labelle, 4-VII-1978, (2, CNC), .

Lac Needham, Pontiac, 12-VII-2001, (4, MRNQ), ; Saint-Augustin, Maria-Chapdelaine, 28-VIII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Notre-Dame-du-Rosaire, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 26-V-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Boilleau, Papineau, 29-VII-2004, (1, MRNQ), ; Cookshire, Compton, 23-V-2000, (2, LFRC), ; Johnville, Compton, 24-V-1987, (1, CLC) / 17-V-1987, (1, CLC) / 18-V-1988, (1, CLC) / 21-V-1989 (1, CLC) / 11-VI-1989, (1, CLC); Dosquet, Lotbinière, 16-V-1976, (5, CCC); Lac Cayamant, La-Vallée-de-la-Gatineau,17-VI-2008, (1, INRS-IAF); Fort-Coulonge, Pontiac, 16-VI-2011, (1, INRS-IAF).

QC, NB.

Blackman, 1922

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_balsameus

Fig. 7

Cap-Saint-Ignace, Montmagny, 26-VIII-1998, (2, MRNQ), / 4-IX-1998, (2, MRNQ), ; Ways-Mills, Coaticook, 13-V-1988, (5, MRNQ), ; Doncaster Township, Les Laurentides, 7-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Philémon, Bellechasse, 29-V-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Armagh, Bellechasse, 16-IX-1979, (1, MRNQ), ; Sainte-Marguerite, La Nouvelle-Beauce, 6-VII-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Mitchell TownshipPageBreak, La-Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 26-VI-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Rivière Petit Saguenay, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 25-V-1982, (5, MRNQ), ; Saint-Ferréol-des-Neiges, La-Côte-de-Beaupré, 3-VII-1990, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Joachim-de-Courval, Drummond, 26-VII-2001, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Germain-de-Grantham, Drummond, 24-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Sacré-Cœur, La Haute-Côte-Nord, 8-VII-1992, (2, MRNQ), ; Notre-Dame-du-Rosaire, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 26-V-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Valcartier, La Jacques-Cartier, 3-VIII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Dosquet, Lotbinière, 9-VI-1970, (1, CCC) / 28-IV-1984, (1, CCC).

NT, ON, QC, NB, NS.

Blackman, 1922

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_briscoei

Fig. 6

Record from Bright (1981).

Sainte-Anne-du-Lac, Antoine-Labelle, 4-VII-1978, (1, LFRC), .

New records:

Villette, Coaticook, 18-VII-1985, (6, MRNQ), ; Saint-Hilarion, Charlevoix, 8-VIII-1990, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Herménégilde, Coaticook, 8-VII-1985, (3, MRNQ), ; Poupore, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 30-VI-1992, (4, MRNQ), ; Simpson Township, Drummond, 19-VIII-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Saint-Joachim-de-Courval, Drummond, 20-VII- 2001, (2, MRNQ), ; Island Brook, Le Haut-Saint-François, 30-VII-1981, (4, MRNQ), ; Rawdon Township, Matawinie, 28-VII-1973, (17, MRNQ), ; Valcartier, La Jacques-Cartier, 23-VII-1991, (3, LFRC), .

Distribution in Canada:

ON, QC, NB.

Blackman, 1928

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_concavus

Fig. 8

Figure 8.

Map of Pityophthorus concavus Blackman and Pityophthorus opaculus LeConte records in Quebec, Canada.

Kazabazua, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 24-VII-1966, (2, CNC), .

Cap-Saint-Ignace, Montmagny, 4-IX-1998, (2, MRNQ), / 9.VII.2002, (1, MRNQ), ; Armagh, Bellechasse, 16-IX-1979, (1, MRNQ), ; Doncaster Township, Les Laurentides, 7-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), .

ON, QC, NB, NS.

Swaine, 1917

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_ramiperda

Fig. 9

L’Île Perrot, Vaudreuil-Soulanges, 30-VII-1910, (1, CNC), ; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montréal, 11-VIII-1911, (1, CNC), .

Record from Paquin and Dupérré (2001).

Jamésie, 15-VI-1997, (1, LEMU), .

Paul-Sauvé Park, Deux Montagnes, 27-VII-1982, (4, LFRC), ; Île-du-Grand-Calumet, Pontiac, 31-VIII-1983, (3, LFRC), .

ON, QC, NS.

LeConte, 1878

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_opaculus

Fig. 8

Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montréal, ?, (2, CNC); Gaspé Co., 2-VIII-1933, (5, CNC), ; Hudson, Vaudreuil-Soulanges, 6-V-1910, (1, CNC), sp.

Jamésie, 15-VI-1997, (7, LEMU) and (2, ROUM) / 22-VI-1997, (2, LEMU) and (2, ROUM), / 29-VI-1997, (2, LEMU) and (5, ROUM), / 6-VII-1997, (2, LEMU) and (1, ROUM), / 20-VII-1997, (2, ROUM), / 3-VIII-1997, (1, LEMU), / 10-VIII-1997, (1, ROUM), / 24-VIII-1997, (3, LEMU), / 7-IX-1997, (1, ROUM), / 28-IX-1997, (1, LEMU) and (1, ROUM), ; Lac Duparquet, Abitibi, 12-VI-1994, (1, ROUM), sp. / 22-VII-1997, (1, ROUM); Lac Labyrinthe, Témiscamingue, 21-VII-1996, (1, ROUM), sp. / 18-VIII-1996, (1, ROUM), sp. and sp. stand.

Lac Hubbard, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 31-VII-2001, (3, MRNQ), ; Lac Ollivon, La Vallée-de-l’Or, 12-VIII-2002, (3, MRNQ), ; Gentilly, Bécancour, 8-VII-2002, (1, MRNQ), ; Petite-Rivière-Saint-François, Charlevoix, 19-VIII-1985, (1, MRNQ), ; Valcartier, La Jacques-Cartier, 13-VIII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Fort-Coulonge, Pontiac, 25-V-2009, (1, INRS-IAF) / 16-VI-2011, (2, INRS-IAF), PageBreak / 16-VIII-2011, (2, INRS-IAF), ; Saint-Claude, Le-Val-Saint-François, 7-VII-2011, (1, INRS-IAF), ; Sept-Îles, Sept-Rivières, 29-V-1987, (1, CCC) / 15-VIII-1987, (1, CCC) / 12-VI-1988, (1, CCC) / 21-VI-1988, (1, CCC) / 2-VI-1990, (1, CCC) / 26-VII-1990, (1, CCC) / 23-VIII-1990, (1, CCC) / 6-VIII-1991, (11, CCC) / 9-VIII-1991, (1, CCC) / 13-VIII-1991, (1, CCC).

YK, NT, AB, BC, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF & LB.

Blackman, 1922

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_dentifrons

Fig. 7

Gaspé Co., 2-VIII-1933, (10, CNC), .

Sainte-Eulalie, Nicolet-Yamaska, 11-IX-1984, (2, MRNQ), sp., Fort- Coulonge, Pontiac, 25-V-2009, (1, INRS-IAF), ; Saint-Simon-les-Mines, Beauce-Sartigan, 30-VI-2009, (1, INRS-IAF), .

AB, ON, QC, NB, PE, NS, NF & LB.

(LeConte, 1868)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_puberulus

Fig. 1

Figure 1.

Map of Pityophthorus puberulus (LeConte) records in Quebec, Canada.

Kazabazua, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 24-VIII-1966, (3, CNC), ; Campbell’s Bay, Pontiac, 24-VI-1978, (1, CCC); Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montréal,? , 1910, (15, CNC), sp. / one specimen supposedly originating from the same samples was found at LEMU; Sainte-Marie-de-Beauce, La Nouvelle-Beauce, ?-VIII-1975, (6, LFRC), .

Saint-Théodore, Matawinie, 25-VII-1984, (6, MRNQ), ; Réservoir Taureau, Matawinie, 10-VII-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Baldwin-Mills, Coaticook, 8-VII-1985, (2, MRNQ), ; Sainte-Edwidge, Coaticook, 8-VIII-1990, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Herménégilde, Coaticook, 8-VII-1985, (6, MRNQ), ; Trois-Lacs, Le Granit, 24-VII-1986, (10, MRNQ), / 29-VII-1987, (3, MRNQ), ; Notre-Dame-des-Bois, Le Granit, 8-VIII-1978, (7, MRNQ), / 26-VII-1979, (5, MRNQ), ; Clinton Township, Le Granit, 4-VI-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Chénéville, Papineau, 5-VIII-1987, (4, MRNQ), ; Ripon, Papineau, 8-VII-1992, (1, MRNQ), ; Notre-Dame-de-la-Paix, Papineau, 16-VII-1993, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Quatre Chemins, Papineau, 1-IX-1983, (3, MRNQ), ; Charteris, Pontiac, 24-V-2000, (2, MRNQ), / 6-VI-2000, (2, MRNQ), ; Thorne, Pontiac, 24-V-2000, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac Prendergast, Pontiac, 19-VI-1980, (1, MRNQ), ; Lac de la Ferme, Pontiac, 12-VI-1980, (1, MRNQ), ; Vinton, Pontiac, 31-V-2011, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Lacaille, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 30-VIII-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac Hamilton, Les Collines-de-l’Outaouais, 26-VIII-1983, (2, MRNQ), ; Lac de la Grande Fourche, Rivière-du-Loup, 6-VIII-1979, (4, MRNQ), ; Saint-Pierre-de-Lamy, Témiscouata, 25-VII-1985, (4, MRNQ), ; Cookshire, Le Haut-Saint-François, 11-VIII-1999, (1, MRNQ), / PageBreak23-V-2000, (2, LFRC), / 30-V-2000, (1, LFRC), / 14-VI-2011, (1, LFRC), ; Scotstown, Le Haut-Saint-François, 23-IX-1999, (1, MRNQ), ; Bishopton, Le Haut-Saint-François, 23-V-2001, (1, LFRC), sylvestris / 30-V-2011, (1, LFRC), resinosa / 24-V-2011, (1, LFRC), ; Waterville, Compton, 17-V-2011, (1, LFRC), / 24-V-2011 (3, LFRC), / 7-VI-2011, (1, LFRC), / 14-VI-2011, (4, LFRC), ; Johnville, Compton, 14-VI-2011, (1, LFRC), / 27-V-1987 (1, CLC) / 21-VI-1987 (1, CLC) / 19-VII-1987 (1, CLC) / 11-V-1988 (1, CLC) / 22-V-1988 (1, CLC) / 29-V-1988 (1, CLC) / 1-VI-1988 (1, CLC) / 6-VII-1988 (1, CLC) / 21-V-1989 (1, CLC) / 24-V-1989 (1, CLC) / 25-VI-1989 (2, CLC) / 6-VII-1989 (1, CLC) / 9-VII-1989 (1, CLC) / 16-VII-1989 (1, CLC) / 21-IX-1989 (1, CLC); Huntingville, Sherbrooke, 14-VI-2011, (4, LFRC), ; Sainte-Marie-de-Blandford, Bécancour, 29-VI-1981, (2, MRNQ), ; Lemieux, Bécancour, 27-VII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Sainte-Séraphine, Arthabaska, 5-VIII-1993, (2, MRNQ), ; Victoriaville, Arthabaska, 4-X-1978, (10, MRNQ), ; Saint-Didace, D’Autray, 19-VIII-1978, (1, MRNQ), ; Berthierville, D’Autray, 4-IX-1997, (2, MRNQ), / 27-V-1976, (5, CCC), ; Ruisseau Sainte-Émilie, D’Autray, 19-VIII-1979, (1, MRNQ), ; Bromptonville, Le Val-Saint-François, 31-VII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Saint-Adelphe, Mékinac, 30-VII-1986, (5, MRNQ), ; Lac Éclairé, Mékinac, 30-VII-1980, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Pierre-Montmagny, Montmagny, 7-VIII-1979, (3, MRNQ), ; Lac Morigeau, Montmagny, 31-VII-2000, (3, MRNQ), ; Saint-David-de-Falardeau, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 8-VII-2000, (1, MRNQ), PageBreak; Ferland-et-Boilleau, Fjord-du-Saguenay, 18-VII-1988, (1, MRNQ), / 11-VII-2011, (1, MRNQ), ; Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu, 4-VI-2011, (1, LFRC); Parc de la Mauricie, Le Centre-de-la-Mauricie, 5-VI-2000, (1, LFRC), ; Saint-Basile, Portneuf, 13-VII-2011, (1, MRNQ), ; Sainte-Luce, La Mitis, 1-VI-1987, (3, MRNQ), ; Saint-Élie-d’Orford, Sherbrooke, 22-VIII-1978, (3, MRNQ), ; Saint-Zéphirin-de-Courval, Nicolet-Yamaska, 15-VI-1982, (2, MRNQ), ; Valcartier, La Jacques- Cartier, 3-VIII-1981, (3, MRNQ), ; Lac Beemer, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 18-VII-2007, (1, MRNQ), ; Shenley Township, Beauce-Sartigan, 2-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Chrétien, Charlevoix-Est, 31-VIII-1984, (3, MRNQ), ; Baie-Trinité, Manicouagan, 10-VI-1987, (1, MRNQ), / 31-V-1999, (3, MRNQ), / 1-VI-1999, (3, MRNQ), ; L’Annonciation, Antoine-Labelle, 28-VII-1988, (4, MRNQ), ; Saint-Patrice-de-Beaurivage, Lotbinière, 30-VIII-1989, (6, MRNQ), ; Landrienne, Abitibi, 15-VII-1987, (1, MRNQ), ; Saint-Dominique, Abitibi Ouest, 14-VII-2011 (1, MRNQ), ; Lachenaie, Les Moulins, 5-VI-2000, (6, LFRC); Saint-Amable, Marguerite D’Youville, various dates in the period 2008–2012, (12594, INRS-IAF), / 25-V-2000, (2, MRNQ), ; Saint-Claude, Le Val-Saint-François, 31-VII-1981, (9, MRNQ), / 31-V-1985, (18, MRNQ), / various dates in the period 2008-2012, (380, INRS-IAF), ; Fort-Coulonge, Pontiac, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (3391, INRS-IAF), / 4-VII-2007, (1, MRNQ), resinosa; Lac Cayamant, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (38, INRS-IAF), ; Saint-Simon-les-Mines, Beauce-Sartigan, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (564, INRS-IAF), ; Cap-Tourmente, La Côte-de-Beaupré, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (368, INRS-IAF), ; Saint-Étienne, Lévis, 2-VI-1981, (1, CCC) / 10-VI-1983, (1, CCC); Les Escoumins, La Haute-Côte-Nord, 18-VI-1984, (3, CCC).

ON, QC, NB, NS.

LeConte, 1878

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_consimilis

Fig. 10

Figure 10.

Map of Pityophthorus consimilis LeConte and Pityophthorus murrayanae murrayanae Blackman records in Quebec, Canada.

Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montréal, ?, (4, CNC); Gaspé Co., 15-VIII-1934, (1, CNC), ; Kazabazua, La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, 13-VII-1967, (52, CNC), ; Sainte-Julienne (Kelly’s Camp), Montcalm, 17- VII-1939, (2, CNC), ; Lac Mud, Papineau, 24-X-1967, (1, CNC).

Cloutier, Rouyn-Noranda, 30-VII-1981, (1, MRNQ), .

AB, BC, MB, SK, ON, QC, NS.

Blackman, 1922

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_murrayanae_murrayanae

Fig. 10

Lac Duparquet, Abitibi, 19-VI-1994, (1, LEMU); Jamésie, 15-VI-1997, (1, LEMU), / 29-VI-1997, (1, LEMU), / 13-VII-1997, (1, LEMU), / 27-VII-1997, (1, LEMU), / 6-VIII-1997, (1, LEMU), / 28-IX-1997, (1, LEMU), .

Fort-Coulonge, Pontiac, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (1005, INRS-IAF), ; Lac Cayamant, La-Vallée-de-la-Gatineau, various dates in the period 2008-2012, (60, INRS-IAF), ; Lac Villebois, Jamésie, 14-IX-2006, (1, MRNQ), .

NT, AB, BC, MB, ON, QC, NB.

Discussion

A total of 21 690 specimens of originating from nine entomological collections were analyzed. A total of 291 new localities in Quebec, Canada were recorded for the 17 identified species. The most widespread species in the province of Quebec is with 72 records, followed by with 62 records, then by . pulicarius with 40 records, with 34 records, and with 33 records.

displays a typical northeastern distribution in North America. This twig beetle breeds in various species of , as well as and (Bright 1981). PageBreakAll specimens examined in the province of Quebec were found only on sp., particularly on and and rarely on and . Accordingly, the distribution of in Quebec is positively correlated with the distributions of and . is also a very abundant species, and thousands of specimens may be collected during a field trapping season. Sixty-nine new distribution records are presented for this species in Quebec, Canada. According to Deyrup and Kirkendall (1983), reproduces exclusively parthenogenetically at least in part of their distribution area, which may explain their high abundance. Nevertheless, Bright (1981) described the male of this species.

is one of the most widespread species in North America (Bright 1981). The specimens of this species captured in Quebec were found on different pine species, although mainly on jack pine, . It is highly likely that the lack of occurrence in the northern area of Quebec may be determined by the lack of samples above 51°N. Fifty-eight new locality records are presented for this species in Quebec.

displays a distribution that is predominantly toward the western area of the province. This species was found in thirty-three new localities in Quebec. The specimens were collected principally on , as well as and . may be an aggressive species that attacks living twigs of different species of pine (Craighead 1950).

is a species that is widespread in North America throughout the northern coniferous forest (Bright 1981). This species breeds in different species of and PageBreak. In Quebec, this species is distributed predominantly along the Saint-Lawrence River through Anticosti Island, which is the easternmost record (Fig. 4). Thirty-one new records are presented for this species in Quebec.

The distribution of is confined to the southern and, specifically, the southeastern areas of Quebec. Two focal regions of occurrence may be detected for this species in Quebec: the first one is located in Gatineau Valley and the second stretches along the Saint-Lawrence River (Fig. 5). Twenty-nine new distribution records are provided for this species in Quebec. Bright (1981) recognized two types of morphological variation of the female frons and male declivity across the North American distribution area: “canadensis form”, which is more frequent within the boreal populations, and “cariniceps form”, which predominates in the southern populations. The specimens of analyzed from the province of Quebec displayed both previously mentioned forms and an extreme variation of the “cariniceps form” with a strong and sharp elevation of the female frons. , , , , , and compose the “cariniceps group”. All of these species within the “cariniceps group” are identified mainly according to characteristics of the female frons. However, a significant morphological variation of female frons could be detected in each of the species belonging to this taxonomic group. These variations are sometimes so large that they may lead to misidentification. Therefore, a taxonomic revision of the “cariniceps group” through a combination of their morphological and molecular traits is required.

Several species of occurring in Quebec, Canada display a narrow distribution across the territory. These include with 6 records, and with 5 records, and and with only 4 records each.

is a rare species in Quebec. Only one new provincial record is presented in the western part of Quebec. The species is also rare in the province of Nova PageBreakScotia with only one record (Majka et al. 2007a) and it is absent in other Maritime provinces of Canada (Majka et al. 2007a; Majka et al. 2007b).

is a very rare species with a limited distribution in the eastern part of North America. This species was initially reported in Canada only in Ontario and Quebec by Bright (1981) and was relatively recently found in the province of Nova Scotia (Majka et al. 2007a). Three new locality records are provided in the province of Quebec for this species, which was most recently cited by Paquin and Dupérré (2001) in the Jamésie Regional County Municipality. This record is the northernmost distribution point of in North America (Fig. 9). This specieswas previously captured only on white pine, . However, in the northern part of Quebec territory, the species has been captured in a stand far beyond the northern distribution limit of in the province. Consequently, it is highly likely that breed in other coniferous species and not just in white pine. This hypothesis remains to be confirmed.

was first mentioned in Quebec by Laplante et al. (1991) and later in a publication of the Ministère des Ressources Naturelles du Québec (MRNQ 2008), but no locality records were provided. In the taxonomic monograph published by Bright (1981), this species was not mentioned as present in Quebec. We present five new localities for in Quebec, and these provide the first reliable distribution data for this species. A closely related species, , which is known to be found in the Northwest Territories, Alberta, Ontario, Newfoundland and Labrador has never been reported in Quebec (Bright 1981; Bright and Skidmore 1997, 2002; Wood and Bright 1987, 1992). According to the distribution in Canada, this species should also be found in Quebec.

displays a predominantly southeastern distribution in North America. It is also a species with scarce representation in Quebec. Only three new locality records are provided.

has an eastern North American distribution, as reported by Bright (1981). Although Wood and Bright (1992) mention some records from British Columbia, the data do not appear to be reliable because no specimen originating from this Canadian province is inventoried in CNC. This species is rare in Quebec. Three new records are included in this article, and these constitute the only records of this species since its first mention in the province. No other specimen has been recaptured recently.

The distributions of , , and display some peculiarities:

is a species found in mixed and deciduous forests in Quebec and displays a typical southern distribution. The reduced number of locality records in Quebec may be somewhat explained by the placement of the sampling stations, which were located predominantly in coniferous stands. Consequently, the distribution of this species that we report across the province could be underestimated.

, similarly to , was mentioned by Laplante et al. (1991) and in the publication of Ministère des Ressources Naturelles du Québec (MRNQ 2008), but PageBreakno locality records are provided. Thus, we consider all nine locality records as new for the province of Quebec.

provided a very interesting case.This subspecies was first recorded in Quebec by Paquin and Dupérré (2001) in the Jamésie Regional County Municipality, which is also the northernmost mentioned distribution record in Quebec. Three new locality records are provided in this paper for , and these represent the second report of this subspecies in Quebec. According to its actual provincial distribution, is found only in the northwestern area of Quebec (Fig. 10). Ten specimens from the CNC collection belonging to this subspecies were verified for morphological variation. Specimens from Alberta (3 specimens), British Columbia (3 specimens), Ontario (2 specimens), and New Brunswick (2 specimens) were analyzed. We observed a slight variation in the dimensions of the granules of the elytra declivity. The specimens with west Canadian occurrence display larger granules, whereas the specimens originating from New Brunswick harbor very small granules. The size of the granules on the declivity may also vary among sexes. Another variable morphological character in is related to the pubescence of the female frons (Bright 1981). However, this morphological variation occurs within a population (location) and not necessarily between different locations within the full distribution of the species.

The field samples gathered between 2008 and 2012 in the province of Quebec allowed us to identify some interesting specimens (three specimens) that could not be assigned to any known species. Despite our increased sampling effort, no other similar specimens were recaptured. Further studies will be needed to confirm if novel species could be described or these are simply morphological anomalies.

Conclusions

1. More than 30 % (17 species) of the fauna recorded in Canada is found in Province of Quebec.

2. In general, the our reported distributions of all species in Quebec may be biased by the locations of our permanent sampling stations, which were positioned exclusively in conifer seed orchards and predominantly along the primary river valleys and major roads. The greatest number of distribution points is concentrated along the Saint-Lawrence River and Gatineau Valley. The actual positions of the permanent sampling stations in Quebec are principally connected with the timber industry. Future sampling campaigns should be organized above 51°N to obtain a more realistic overview of the distribution of in Quebec.

3. Diverse types of forest ecosystems, as well as the north-south temperature gradient may potentially shelter more than 17 species. Further studies will be needed to increase the knowledge on the fauna and taxonomy of this twig beetle group in Quebec, Canada.