The effects of nuclear mutation on chloroplast development : Part 1: chloroplast DNA, proteins, ribosomes, hormones and tissue cultures.

Under greenhouse conditions the dark green wild type (su/su) tobacco grows 2-3 times faster than the yellow mutant (Su/su) and contains five-fold more chlorophyll. On a fresh weight basis, however, both genotypes contain similar amounts of RuBPCase and fraction 11 protein in approximately equal proportion and have similar levels of 70s and 80s ribosomes. When seedlings are cultured on agar medium supplemented with sucrose and equal concentrations of IAA and kinetin or kinetin alone, a drastic reduction of RuBPCase and free 70s ribosomes, but not of chlorophyll content, were observed. Moreover, albino (Su/Su) seedlings developed on supplemented media still contain appreciable amounts of RuBPCase and free 70s ribosomes although chlorophyll levels are extremely low indicating no correlation between RuBPCase and chlorophyll content. RuBPCase crystallized from both wild type and yellow mutant plants seem to have identical composition and structure when examined by isoelectric focusing, amino acid analysis or peptide mapping techniques. The slow-growing yellow mutant is apparently deficient only in chlorophyll of the light harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex but with no alteration of the protein moiety or chlorophyll a/b ratio.