Faooq Naeem1, Ishaque Sarhandi2, Mirrat Gul3, Mehwish Khalid4, Muhammad Aslam4, Aqila Anbrin5, Sofiya Saeed4, Madeeha Noor6, Ghulam Fatima7, Fareed Minhas7, Nusrat Husain8, Muhammad Ayub9. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: farooqnaeem@yahoo.com. 2. Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. 3. Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. 4. Pakistan Association of Cognitive Therapists (PACT), Lahore, Pakistan. 5. Punjab Institute of Mental Health, Lahore, Pakistan. 6. Karachi University, Karachi, Pakistan. 7. Institute of Psychiatry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. 8. Manchester University, Manchester, UK. 9. Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) based self-help has been found to be effective for treating depression and anxiety. There is some evidence to suggest that CBT needs to be culturally adapted for it to be effective in non-Western cultures. CBT is not widely used in low and middle income countries and there is a need to test its effectiveness in different settings and formats, including self-help. METHODS: We describe a RCT of a Culturally adapted CBT (CaCBT) based self-help manual in Pakistan. The trial was conducted in psychiatry departments in three cities. Assessments were carried out at baseline and at 12 weeks, using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Bradford somatic Inventory and brief disability Questionnaire. RESULTS: At the end of the trial CaCBT based self-help was found to be effective against care as usual in reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as somatic symptoms and disability. LIMITATIONS: This study was conducted only in secondary care and required either patient or a carer to be able to read and write. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study outside West of a CBT based self-help intervention for depression. This study highlights the importance of using cost effective interventions in developing world in low intensity formats. Future studies should focus on trying these resources in different settings, like primary care, and with the use of audio/video or multimedia resources to improve compliance in patients with lower literacy.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) based self-help has been found to be effective for treating depression and anxiety. There is some evidence to suggest that CBT needs to be culturally adapted for it to be effective in non-Western cultures. CBT is not widely used in low and middle income countries and there is a need to test its effectiveness in different settings and formats, including self-help. METHODS: We describe a RCT of a Culturally adapted CBT (CaCBT) based self-help manual in Pakistan. The trial was conducted in psychiatry departments in three cities. Assessments were carried out at baseline and at 12 weeks, using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Bradford somatic Inventory and brief disability Questionnaire. RESULTS: At the end of the trial CaCBT based self-help was found to be effective against care as usual in reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as somatic symptoms and disability. LIMITATIONS: This study was conducted only in secondary care and required either patient or a carer to be able to read and write. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study outside West of a CBT based self-help intervention for depression. This study highlights the importance of using cost effective interventions in developing world in low intensity formats. Future studies should focus on trying these resources in different settings, like primary care, and with the use of audio/video or multimedia resources to improve compliance in patients with lower literacy.
Authors: Pim Cuijpers; Ioana A Cristea; David D Ebert; Hans M Koot; Randy P Auerbach; Ronny Bruffaerts; Ronald C Kessler Journal: Depress Anxiety Date: 2015-12-18 Impact factor: 6.505
Authors: Davy Vancampfort; Ai Koyanagi; Philip B Ward; Simon Rosenbaum; Felipe B Schuch; James Mugisha; Justin Richards; Joseph Firth; Brendon Stubbs Journal: Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Date: 2017-01-18 Impact factor: 6.457