Numeracy, information seeking, and self-efficacy in managing health: an analysis using the 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS).

This study examined the unique effects of numeracy on self-efficacy in managing health and on information-seeking experience, and explored the mediating role of information-seeking experience. The proposed model was tested using a national random-digit-dial sample (n = 4,092) of adults participating in the 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey. Findings from multiple regression analyses revealed that higher numeracy was associated with higher self-efficacy in managing health and better (i.e., more positive) health information-seeking experience, and that better information-seeking experience partially mediated the association between higher numeracy and higher self-efficacy. Findings indicated that communication factors (e.g., information seeking) partially mediated the relationship between cognitive abilities (e.g., numeracy) and self-efficacy. Theoretical implications are discussed, along with practical implications for individuals, health care providers, and public health professionals.