BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI). Little is known about RSV disease among older children and adults in Central America. METHODS: Prospective surveillance for ARI among hospital patients and clinic patients was conducted in Guatemala during 2007-2012. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens were tested for RSV, using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Of 6287 hospitalizations and 2565 clinic visits for ARI, 24% and 12%, respectively, yielded RSV-positive test results. The incidence of RSV-positive hospitalization for ARI was 5.8 cases/10 000 persons per year and was highest among infants aged <6 months (208 cases/10 000 persons per year); among adults, the greatest incidence was observed among those aged ≥ 65 years (2.9 cases/10 000 persons per year). The incidence of RSV-positive clinic visitation for ARI was 32 cases/10 000 persons per year and was highest among infants aged 6-23 months (186 cases/10 000 persons per year). Among RSV-positive hospital patients with ARI, underlying cardiovascular disease was associated with death, moribund discharge, intensive care unit admission, or mechanical ventilation (odds ratio, 4.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-8.8). The case-fatality proportion among RSV-positive hospital patients with ARI was higher for those aged ≥ 5 years than for those aged <5 years (13% vs 3%; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The incidences of RSV-associated hospitalization and clinic visitation for ARI were highest among young children, but a substantial burden of ARI due to RSV was observed among older children and adults.
BACKGROUND:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI). Little is known about RSV disease among older children and adults in Central America. METHODS: Prospective surveillance for ARI among hospital patients and clinic patients was conducted in Guatemala during 2007-2012. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens were tested for RSV, using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Of 6287 hospitalizations and 2565 clinic visits for ARI, 24% and 12%, respectively, yielded RSV-positive test results. The incidence of RSV-positive hospitalization for ARI was 5.8 cases/10 000 persons per year and was highest among infants aged <6 months (208 cases/10 000 persons per year); among adults, the greatest incidence was observed among those aged ≥ 65 years (2.9 cases/10 000 persons per year). The incidence of RSV-positive clinic visitation for ARI was 32 cases/10 000 persons per year and was highest among infants aged 6-23 months (186 cases/10 000 persons per year). Among RSV-positive hospital patients with ARI, underlying cardiovascular disease was associated with death, moribund discharge, intensive care unit admission, or mechanical ventilation (odds ratio, 4.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-8.8). The case-fatality proportion among RSV-positive hospital patients with ARI was higher for those aged ≥ 5 years than for those aged <5 years (13% vs 3%; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The incidences of RSV-associated hospitalization and clinic visitation for ARI were highest among young children, but a substantial burden of ARI due to RSV was observed among older children and adults.
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Authors: Nienke M Scheltema; Angela Gentile; Florencia Lucion; D James Nokes; Patrick K Munywoki; Shabir A Madhi; Michelle J Groome; Cheryl Cohen; Jocelyn Moyes; Kentigern Thorburn; Somsak Thamthitiwat; Hitoshi Oshitani; Socorro P Lupisan; Aubree Gordon; José F Sánchez; Katherine L O'Brien; Bradford D Gessner; Agustinus Sutanto; Asuncion Mejias; Octavio Ramilo; Najwa Khuri-Bulos; Natasha Halasa; Fernanda de-Paris; Márcia Rosane Pires; Michael C Spaeder; Bosco A Paes; Eric A F Simões; Ting F Leung; Maria Tereza da Costa Oliveira; Carla Cecília de Freitas Lázaro Emediato; Quique Bassat; Warwick Butt; Hsin Chi; Uzma Bashir Aamir; Asad Ali; Marilla G Lucero; Rodrigo A Fasce; Olga Lopez; Barbara A Rath; Fernando P Polack; Jesse Papenburg; Srđan Roglić; Hisato Ito; Edward A Goka; Diederick E Grobbee; Harish Nair; Louis J Bont Journal: Lancet Glob Health Date: 2017-10 Impact factor: 26.763
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