Relationship between the tuberculin-type and Jones-Mote-type hypersensitivities: suppression of basophil infiltration by mycobacterial adjuvant.

Guinea-pigs immunized with bovine gammaglobulin (BGG) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) showed the typical Jones-Mote-type hypersensitivity (JMH) reaction when tested 5 days later. This is characterized by prominent basophil infiltration. After pretreatment with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) 16 days before immunization with BGG in IFA, the lesions resembled the JMH reaction macroscopically in their evolution over time and in the absence of a positive macrophage migration inhibition (MIT) test. However, histologically, the lesions resembled classical tuberculin-type hypersensitivity with prominent mononuclear cell infiltration without any basophils. The pretreated animals, which failed to show basophil infiltration, were able to transfer JMH reactions with basophil infiltration into normal animals. In contrast, pretreatment of recipients with CFA or Corynebacterium parvum prevented the passive transfer of the characteristic effect on the JMH reaction when given shortly before skin testing. We postulate that macrophages activated by CFA may play an important role in regulating basophil infiltration in the effector phase of the delayed hypersensitivity reaction.