Factors affecting growth and product formation in plant cells grown in continuous culture.

In the present work we examined the potential benefits of the continuous culture (chemostat) technique at improving biomass yields of Mentha and Dioscorea cells and product formation (diosgenin) by Dioscorea cells. In contrast to Mentha cells, Dioscorea cells were sensitive to mechanical agitation in the exponential growth phase and could only be grown in a bubble column type fermentor. Maximal biomass yield of 0.5 and 0.4 g cell dry weight g(-1)sucrose were obtained for Mentha and Dioscorea cells, respectively. When the phosphate concentration during the growth phase of Dioscorea was increased, a maximal concentration of 7.8% diosgenin (of dry weight) was obtained. Productivity of diosgenin was 12 mg 1(-1) day(-1) in a two-stage continuous process as compared to 7.3 mg 1(-1) day(-1) in a batch culture.