S Abbas1, J Linseisen2, S Rohrmann3, J W J Beulens4, B Buijsse5, P Amiano6, E Ardanaz7, B Balkau8, H Boeing5, F Clavel-Chapelon8, G Fagherazzi8, P W Franks9, D Gavrila10, S Grioni11, R Kaaks12, T J Key13, K T Khaw14, T Kühn12, A Mattiello15, E Molina-Montes16, P M Nilsson17, K Overvad18, J R Quirós19, O Rolandsson20, C Sacerdote21, C Saieva22, N Slimani23, I Sluijs4, A M W Spijkerman24, A Tjonneland25, R Tumino26, D L van der A24, R Zamora-Ros27, S J Sharp28, C Langenberg28, N G Forouhi28, E Riboli29, N J Wareham28. 1. 1] German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany [2] Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. 2. 1] German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany [2] Helmholtz Centre Munich (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany. 3. 1] German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany [2] Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 4. University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 5. German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany. 6. 1] Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain [2] Instituto BIO-Donostia, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain [3] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. 7. 1] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain [2] Navarre Public Health Institute (ISPN), Pamplona, Spain. 8. 1] Inserm, CESP, U1018, Villejuif, France [2] Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France. 9. 1] Lund University, Malmö, Sweden [2] Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. 10. 1] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain [2] Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain. 11. Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Milan, Italy. 12. German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. 13. University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. 14. University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 15. Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. 16. 1] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain [2] Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain. 17. Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. 18. Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. 19. Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Spain. 20. Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. 21. 1] Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Citta' della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Torino, Italy [2] Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, Italy. 22. Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy. 23. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. 24. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands. 25. Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. 26. 1] ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy [2] Aire Onlus, Ragusa, Italy. 27. Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain. 28. MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 29. School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Prospective cohort studies have indicated that serum vitamin D levels are inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes. However, such studies cannot determine the source of vitamin D. Therefore, we examined the association of dietary vitamin D intake with incident type 2 diabetes within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct study in a heterogeneous European population including eight countries with large geographical variation. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Using a case-cohort design, 11,245 incident cases of type 2 diabetes and a representative subcohort (N=15,798) were included in the analyses. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for type 2 diabetes were calculated using a Prentice-weighted Cox regression adjusted for potential confounders. Twenty-four-hour diet-recall data from a subsample (N=2347) were used to calibrate habitual intake data derived from dietary questionnaires. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 10.8 years. Dietary vitamin D intake was not significantly associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. HR and 95% CIs for the highest compared to the lowest quintile of uncalibrated vitamin D intake was 1.09 (0.97-1.22) (Ptrend=0.17). No associations were observed in a sex-specific analysis. The overall pooled effect (HR (95% CI)) using the continuous calibrated variable was 1.00 (0.97-1.03) per increase of 1 μg/day dietary vitamin D. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study does not support an association between higher dietary vitamin D intake and type 2 diabetes incidence. This result has to be interpreted in light of the limited contribution of dietary vitamin D on the overall vitamin D status of a person.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Prospective cohort studies have indicated that serum vitamin D levels are inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes. However, such studies cannot determine the source of vitamin D. Therefore, we examined the association of dietary vitamin D intake with incident type 2 diabetes within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct study in a heterogeneous European population including eight countries with large geographical variation. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Using a case-cohort design, 11,245 incident cases of type 2 diabetes and a representative subcohort (N=15,798) were included in the analyses. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for type 2 diabetes were calculated using a Prentice-weighted Cox regression adjusted for potential confounders. Twenty-four-hour diet-recall data from a subsample (N=2347) were used to calibrate habitual intake data derived from dietary questionnaires. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 10.8 years. Dietary vitamin D intake was not significantly associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. HR and 95% CIs for the highest compared to the lowest quintile of uncalibrated vitamin D intake was 1.09 (0.97-1.22) (Ptrend=0.17). No associations were observed in a sex-specific analysis. The overall pooled effect (HR (95% CI)) using the continuous calibrated variable was 1.00 (0.97-1.03) per increase of 1 μg/day dietary vitamin D. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study does not support an association between higher dietary vitamin D intake and type 2 diabetes incidence. This result has to be interpreted in light of the limited contribution of dietary vitamin D on the overall vitamin D status of a person.
Authors: I Elmadfa; E Weichselbaum; J König; Remaut de Winter A-M; E Trolle; I Haapala; U Uusitalo; L Mennen; S Hercberg; G Wolfram; A Trichopoulou; A Naska; V Benetou; E Kritsellis; I Rodler; G Zajkás; F Branca; P D'Acapito; K-I Klepp; A Ali-Madar; M D V De Almeida; E Alves; S Rodrigues; L Sarra-Majem; B Roman; M Sjöström; E Poortvliet; B Margetts Journal: Forum Nutr Date: 2005
Authors: C Langenberg; S Sharp; N G Forouhi; P W Franks; M B Schulze; N Kerrison; U Ekelund; I Barroso; S Panico; M J Tormo; J Spranger; S Griffin; Y T van der Schouw; P Amiano; E Ardanaz; L Arriola; B Balkau; A Barricarte; J W J Beulens; H Boeing; H B Bueno-de-Mesquita; B Buijsse; M D Chirlaque Lopez; F Clavel-Chapelon; F L Crowe; B de Lauzon-Guillan; P Deloukas; M Dorronsoro; D Drogan; P Froguel; C Gonzalez; S Grioni; L Groop; C Groves; P Hainaut; J Halkjaer; G Hallmans; T Hansen; J M Huerta Castaño; R Kaaks; T J Key; K T Khaw; A Koulman; A Mattiello; C Navarro; P Nilsson; T Norat; K Overvad; L Palla; D Palli; O Pedersen; P H Peeters; J R Quirós; A Ramachandran; L Rodriguez-Suarez; O Rolandsson; D Romaguera; I Romieu; C Sacerdote; M J Sánchez; A Sandbaek; N Slimani; I Sluijs; A M W Spijkerman; B Teucher; A Tjonneland; R Tumino; D L van der A; W M M Verschuren; J Tuomilehto; E Feskens; M McCarthy; E Riboli; N J Wareham Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2011-06-30 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: N Slimani; G Deharveng; I Unwin; D A T Southgate; J Vignat; G Skeie; S Salvini; M Parpinel; A Møller; J Ireland; W Becker; A Farran; S Westenbrink; E Vasilopoulou; J Unwin; A Borgejordet; S Rohrmann; S Church; P Gnagnarella; C Casagrande; M van Bakel; M Niravong; M C Boutron-Ruault; C Stripp; A Tjønneland; A Trichopoulou; K Georga; S Nilsson; I Mattisson; J Ray; H Boeing; M Ocké; P H M Peeters; P Jakszyn; P Amiano; D Engeset; E Lund; M Santucci de Magistris; C Sacerdote; A Welch; S Bingham; A F Subar; E Riboli Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2007-03-21 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: Gerardo Sarno; Giuseppe Daniele; Giacomo Tirabassi; Alberto O Chavez; Opeolu O Ojo; Francesco Orio; Hana Kahleova; Giancarlo Balercia; William B Grant; Paride De Rosa; Annamaria Colao; Giovanna Muscogiuri Journal: Endocrine Date: 2015-05-22 Impact factor: 3.633
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