Comparison of selection methods for improvement of the population hybrid.

The objective of this study was to compare several selection procedures with respect to expected genetic gain in the population hybrid across a range of initial allelic frequencies, degrees of dominance, and environmental variances. The methods compared were intrapopulation recurrent selection using full-sib or S1 families, full-sib and two half-sib reciprocal recurrent selection procedures, and convergent improvement applied to populations. Comparisons were made by calculating expected allelic frequency changes for each method. The optimal selection method for a given set of allelic frequencies and degree of dominance depended little on the environmental variance. Partly because of its short cycle, full-sib intrapopulation selection was the most effective method for the majority of allelic frequency combinations when the degree of dominance was small and an off-season nursery could be used to make recombinations. With larger values for the degree of dominance, S1 and reciprocal full-sib methods became optimal, the former method especially when favorable alleles had a high frequency and the latter when populations were highly divergent. When off-season nursery use was restricted to making self-pollinations or was absent, S1 selection was optimal for the majority of allelic frequency combinations. Convergent improvement was superior only for extremely divergent allelic frequencies and then only when the degree of dominance was less than 0.10. Half-sib reciprocal methods were never optimal, although the gain for the standard half-sib reciprocal procedure differed little from that of full-sib reciprocal selection when the degree of dominance was 0.75.